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Genus Apis Linnaeus
[Family Apidae, Subfamily Apinae, Tribe Apini]
Apis Linnaeus, 1758: p.343, 574; Type species: Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1761; = A. mellifera Linnaeus, 1758, by designation of Latreille, 1810: p.439.
Apicula Rafinesque, 1814: p.27, unjustified replacement for Apis Linnaeus, 1758; Type species: Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758, autobasic.
Apiarus Rafinesque, 1815: p.123, unjustified replacement for Apis Linnaeus, 1758; Type species: Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758, autobasic.
Apis (Synapis) Cockerell, 1907: Entomol. 40: p.229; Type species: Apis henshawi Cockerell, 1907 (fossil), monobasic.
Hauffapis Armbruster, 1938: p.37; Type species: Hauffapis scheuthlei Armbruster, 1938 = Apis armbrusteri Zeuner, 1931 (fossil), by designation of Zeuner and Manning, 1976: p.243.[invalid genus name Michener, 1997: NHM, Sci. Paper 1].
Apis (Sigmatapis) Maa, 1953: p.556; Type species: Apis cerana Fabricius, 1793, by original designation.
Michener (2000) did not recognize any subgeneric classification for genus Apis. Howver, Engel (2002) made further revision and following account is based upon his prime work.
S. N.
Name of Species with Author & Year
Distribution OR
Collection Site
1.
Apis (Megapis) dorsata dorsata Fabricius –
=Apis dorsata Fabricius, 1793
=Apis nigripennis Latreille, 1804 Syn.
=Apis bicolor Klug, 1807 Homo.
=Apis testacea Smith, 1858 Syn.
=Apis testacca Smith, 1871 Lapsus
=Apis darsata Baldensperger, 1928 Lapsus
=Apis dorsatao Ruttner, 1988 LapsusThroughout India and in the east up to Malaysia [and breviligula Maa from Philippines]
Apis (Megapis) dorsata binghami Cockerell –
=Apis zonata Smith, 1859 Homo.
=Apis dorsata binghami Cockerell, 1906
[binghami Cockerell, may be an allopatric segregate of dorsata and may not represent distinct species -Michener, 2000: p.807]
Apis (Megapis) dorsata breviligula [Maa, 1953 (Megapis)]
Apis (Megapis) dorsata laboriosa Smith –
=Apis laboriosa Smith, 1871
=Apis binghami sladeni Cockerell, 1914 Syn.
=Apis himalayana Maa, 1944 Nom. Nud.
=Apis labortiosa Willis et al., 1992 Lapsus
[different aspects: Sakagami, Matsumura & Ito, 1980; Roubik, Sakagami & Kudo, 1985; McEvoy & Undersood, 1988; Underwood, 1986, 1990; Batra, 1996]
All over Himalaya at average height of 3000-5000 meters (from Kashmir to H.P., Uttaranchal, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, North in Assam, Arunachal Pradesh), southern China, adjacent Myanmar, Laos
5.
Apis (Micrapis) florea Fabricius –
=Apis florea Fabricius, 1787
=Apis semirufa Hoffmannsegg, 1818 Syn.
=Apis lobata Smith, 1854 Syn.
=Apis floralis Horne & Smith, 1870 Lapsus=Apis testacea Bingham, 1898 Homo.
=Apis florea rufiventris Friese, 1906 Syn.
=Apis florea florea fuscata Enderlein, 1906 Unav.=Apis nursei Cockerell, 1911 Syn.
=Apis florea nasicana Cockerell, 1911 Syn.Throughout southern Asia (except high altitudes in Himalaya, Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, Bhutan) [see Otis (1997) for a complete distribution of]
6.
mellifera Linnaeus, 1758
Africa, Europe, Asia, introduced into all parts of the World
7.
Apis (Apis) cerana cerana Fabricius –
=Apis cerana Fabricius, 1793
=Apis sinensis Smith, 1865 Syn.
=Apis indica sinensis ussuriensis Goetze, 1964 Unav.
=Apis cerena Willis et al., 1992 LapsusAll over India, Burma, south central Russia, southern half of China, Indonesia, Ceylon, Pakistan, Nepal etc.
Apis (Apis) cerana indica Fabricius –
=Apis indica Fabricius, 1798
=Apis socialis Latreille, 1804 Syn.
=Apis peroni Latreille, 1804 Syn.?
=Apis gronovii Guillou, 1841 Syn.?
=Apis perrottetii Guérin-Méneville, 1844 Syn.
=Apis delessertii Guérin-Méneville, 1844 Syn.
=Apis delesserti Buttel-Reepen, 1906 Emend.
=Apis indrea Baldensperger, 1928 Lapsus
=Apis indica philippina Skorikov, 1929 Syn.
=Apis mellifera gandhiana Muttoo,1951 Nom. Nud.=Apis (Sigmatapis) samarensis Maa, 1953 Syn.
All over India, Burma
Apis (Apis) cerana heimifeng Engel, 1999
Apis (Apis) cerana japonica Radoszkowski, 1887
Japan
Apis (Apis) cerana javana Enderlein, 1906
South-east Asia, Indonesia
Apis (Apis) cerana johni Skorikov –
=Apis johni Skorikov, 1929
=Apis (Sigmatapis) lieftincki Maa, 1953 Syn.
Apis (Apis) cerana skorikovi Engel –
=Apis indica skorikovi Maa, 1944 Nom. Nud.
=Apis cerana himalaya Smith, 1991 Nom. Nud.=Apis cerana skorikovi Engel, 1999
A Apis (Apis) cerana nuluensis Tingek, Koeniger & Koeniger, 1996
Malaysia
8.
Apis (Apis) koschevnikovi Enderlein –
=Apis mellifica indica koschevnikovi Buttel-Reepen 1906 Unav.
=Apis indica koschevnikovi Enderlein 1906
=Apis (Sigmatapis) vechti Maa 1953 Syn.
=Apis (Sigmatapis) vechti linda Maa 1953 Syn.
=Apis mellifica adansonii koschevnikowi Goetze 1964 Emend.Indonesia, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Sarawak
9.
Apis (Micrapis) andreniformis Smith –
=Apis andreniformis Smith 1858
=Apis florea andreniformis sumatrana Enderlein 1906 Unav.[Sympatric with florea in southern China and parts of southeast Asia (Wu & Kuang, 1986, 1987)
Sikkim, Meghalaya, (not reported in Myanmar), Malaya peninsula, Sarawak, Borneo, Sumatra, Java
10.
Apis (Apis) nigrocincta Smith -
=Apis nigrocincta Smith, 1861
=Apis mellifica indica picea Buttel-Reepen, 1906 Unav.
=Apis (Sigmatapis) nigrocincta marginella Maa, 1953 Syn.Sulawesi, Mindanao, Borneo
Approximately 1,200 species of angiospermic plants are known visited by different Apis species all over the World. There is no seggregated list as such available of the plant species those are being visited by the species of our specified area. Besides, around 1,25,000 references of the articles and/ research papers are known dealing with different aspects of Apiculture/and Bee keeping around the World.
Political territories have been mentioned as such (as mentioned by original authors): Burma [Present day Myanmar], Ceylon [Present day Sri Lanka], Bengal [Present day East Bengal in India and the present day Bangla Desh], Punjab [western part of the state is the present day Punjab in Pakistan].
Dr. Douglas Yanega
Department of Entomology
Entomology Research Museum
University of CaliforniaRiverside, Riverside, CA 92521
Phone: 909-787-4315E-mail: [email protected]
AND
Dr. Rajiv K. Gupta
Department of Zoology
Jai Narain Vyas University
Jodhpur 342 005, India
Ph. +91-291-272 6666
E-mail: [email protected]
Visit "An Updating Bibliography of the Bees of the World" by the same author for the authors' linked references mentioned in this document.