Did Kerry Win More Than 360 Electoral Votes?
TruthIsAll
In 2004 Bush officially won by 286-251 electoral votes. But who really believes it? This analysis shows that Kerry may very well have won over 360 Electoral votes. The sensitivity analysis tables display Kerry's popular and electoral vote over a range of assumptions.
Key Results
Popular vote:
Kerry Bush
67.3m 57.5m
53.5% 45.7%
Electoral vote: Kerry 367, Bush 171
Kerry won the following 11 states which were recorded for Bush: AZ, AR, CO, FL, IA, MO, NV, NM, OH, TN, WV
Base Case Assumptions
1- 110.8m Census 2000 votes cast (105.4m recorded)
2- 125.7m Census 2004 votes cast (122.3m recorded)
3- Uncounted votes: Gore 70%; Bush 25%
4- 2000 voter mortality prior to 2004: 5% Gore; 4.8% Bush
5- 2000 voter turnout in 2004: 95% for Gore, Bush, Nader
6- Kerry won 71% of Nader 2000 voters (12:22am NEP)
7- Kerry won 57% of DNV2k (did not vote in 2000)
8- Kerry won 10% of Bush 2000 voters; Bush won 8% of Gore voters
9- Mortality and uncounted vote rates constant in all states
State Recorded Vote Adjustments
(in thousands of votes)
2000 Recorded Vote Uncounted 4 year Mortality Turnout in 2004
48.7% 48.2% 3.1% 70% 25% 5.0% 4.8% 95% 95%
Gore Bush Nader Gore Bush Gore Bush Gore Bush
State 51,004 50,459 3,275 3,745 1,338 2,737 2,486 49,411 46,845
AL 692 941 25 59 21 38 48 678 868
AK 79 167 33 10 4 4 9 80 154
AZ 685 781 56 54 19 37 40 667 722
AR 422 472 23 33 12 23 24 410 437
CA 5,861 4,567 459 389 139 313 235 5,641 4,247
CO 738 883 101 62 22 40 45 722 817
CT 816 561 68 52 18 43 29 783 523
DE 180 137 9 12 4 10 7 173 127
DC 171 18 11 7 3 9 1 161 19
FL 2,912 2,912 115 212 76 156 149 2,820 2,697
GA 1,116 1,419 11 91 33 60 73 1,089 1,310
HI 205 137 23 13 5 11 7 197 128
ID 138 336 8 17 6 8 17 140 309
IL 2,589 2,019 120 169 60 138 104 2,489 1,877
IN 901 1,245 17 77 28 49 64 883 1,149
IA 638 634 37 47 17 34 33 618 587
KS 399 622 43 38 14 22 32 394 574
KY 638 872 27 55 20 35 45 625 805
LA 792 927 36 63 22 43 47 771 857
ME 319 286 41 23 8 17 15 309 266
MD 1,144 813 58 72 26 61 42 1,097 757
MA 1,616 878 185 96 34 86 46 1,545 823
MI 2,170 1,953 84 150 54 116 100 2,094 1,811
MN 1,168 1,109 159 87 31 63 57 1,133 1,029
MS 404 572 10 35 13 22 29 396 528
MO 1,111 1,189 49 84 30 60 61 1,078 1,100
MT 137 240 30 15 5 8 12 137 221
NE 231 433 28 25 9 13 22 231 399
NV 279 301 20 21 8 15 15 271 279
NH 266 273 25 20 7 14 14 258 253
NJ 1,788 1,284 101 113 41 95 66 1,716 1,195
NM 287 286 22 21 8 15 15 278 265
NY 4,112 2,405 278 243 87 218 125 3,930 2,249
NC 1,257 1,631 9 104 37 68 83 1,228 1,505
ND 95 174 17 10 4 5 9 95 160
OH 2,186 2,351 144 167 60 118 121 2,124 2,176
OK 474 744 9 44 16 26 38 467 686
OR 720 713 17 52 19 39 37 697 660
PA 2,485 2,281 120 175 62 133 117 2,400 2,115
RI 249 130 27 15 5 13 7 238 122
SC 566 786 24 49 18 31 40 555 725
SD 118 190 3 11 4 6 10 117 175
TN 981 1,061 24 74 26 53 54 952 981
TX 2,433 3,799 150 228 82 133 194 2,402 3,502
UT 203 515 45 27 10 12 26 208 474
VT 149 119 23 10 4 8 6 144 111
VA 1,217 1,437 65 97 35 66 74 1,186 1,328
WA 1,247 1,108 108 88 31 67 57 1,205 1,028
WV 295 336 14 23 8 16 17 287 311
WI 1,242 1,237 105 92 33 67 63 1,204 1,146
WY 60 147 3 8 3 3 7 61 135
Nader Allocation Defection New Voters Adjusted True Vote Electoral
71% 21% 8% 10% 57% 41% Vote
Kerry Bush Gore Bush Kerry Bush Kerry Bush Kerry Bush Kerry
State 2,301 681 3,953 4,684 14,883 10,705 67,327 57,499 53.54% 45.73% 367
AL 18 5 54 87 157 197 885 1,038 45.7% 53.6%
AK 23 7 6 15 20 33 133 185 41.5% 57.7%
AZ 40 12 53 72 321 297 1,047 1,012 50.4% 48.7% 10
AR 16 5 33 44 107 98 544 529 50.4% 49.0% 6
CA 326 96 451 425 1,628 712 7,568 5,082 59.4% 39.9% 55
CO 72 21 58 82 276 261 1,093 1,075 50.0% 49.2% 9
CT 48 14 63 52 187 57 1,008 604 62.1% 37.2% 7
DE 6 2 14 13 52 22 230 153 59.7% 39.6% 3
DC 8 2 6 1 245 10 408 36 91.5% 8.2% 3
FL 82 24 226 270 1,201 931 4,146 3,608 53.1% 46.2% 27
GA 8 2 87 131 440 515 1,581 1,784 46.6% 52.6%
HI 16 5 16 13 73 19 283 155 64.2% 35.1% 4
ID 6 2 11 31 45 109 210 400 34.2% 65.1%
IL 85 25 199 188 626 287 3,189 2,200 58.8% 40.6% 21
IN 12 4 71 115 206 268 1,145 1,376 45.1% 54.3%
IA 26 8 49 59 170 128 824 713 53.2% 46.1% 7
KS 31 9 32 57 85 120 536 677 43.9% 55.5%
KY 19 6 50 80 168 211 843 991 45.7% 53.7%
LA 26 8 62 86 160 160 981 1,000 49.2% 50.2%
ME 29 9 25 27 92 52 431 324 56.7% 42.6% 4
MD 41 12 88 76 388 138 1,514 919 61.8% 37.5% 10
MA 131 39 124 82 396 31 2,031 935 68.0% 31.3% 12
MI 60 18 168 181 585 372 2,753 2,188 55.4% 44.0% 17
MN 113 33 91 103 350 221 1,608 1,271 55.4% 43.8% 9
MS 7 2 32 53 98 131 523 640 44.7% 54.7%
MO 35 10 86 110 303 262 1,440 1,349 51.3% 48.1% 11
MT 21 6 11 22 30 44 199 261 43.0% 56.3%
NE 20 6 18 40 50 88 322 471 40.3% 59.0%
NV 14 4 22 28 147 126 439 402 51.7% 47.4% 5
NH 18 5 21 25 88 67 369 321 53.1% 46.2% 4
NJ 72 21 137 120 500 181 2,270 1,416 61.2% 38.2% 15
NM 16 5 22 27 119 88 417 354 53.6% 45.5% 5
NY 197 58 314 225 959 153 4,997 2,550 65.8% 33.6% 31
NC 6 2 98 151 377 456 1,663 1,911 46.2% 53.1%
ND 12 4 8 16 18 30 134 185 41.6% 57.7%
OH 102 30 170 218 705 603 2,979 2,761 51.5% 47.7% 20
OK 6 2 37 69 131 202 636 858 42.3% 57.0%
OR 12 4 56 66 277 215 996 869 53.0% 46.2% 7
PA 85 25 192 211 762 498 3,267 2,619 55.1% 44.2% 21
RI 19 6 19 12 58 3 308 137 68.7% 30.7% 4
SC 17 5 44 73 152 195 752 897 45.3% 54.0%
SD 2 1 9 18 39 62 166 230 41.7% 57.6%
TN 17 5 76 98 280 253 1,271 1,217 50.8% 48.6% 11
TX 107 32 192 350 616 908 3,282 4,283 43.1% 56.2%
UT 32 9 17 47 68 154 338 606 35.5% 63.7%
VT 16 5 12 11 29 12 189 128 59.2% 40.1% 3
VA 46 14 95 133 342 344 1,612 1,648 49.1% 50.2%
WA 77 23 96 103 368 215 1,656 1,260 56.4% 42.9% 11
WV 10 3 23 31 82 79 387 384 49.9% 49.5% 5
WI 75 22 96 115 351 257 1,648 1,407 53.6% 45.7% 10
WY 2 1 5 14 14 35 86 162 34.4% 64.9%
Sensitivity Analysis I
Given: Kerry won 57% of New Voters
Worst case scenario:
Gore won 65% of the uncounted votes in 2000
Kerry won 50% of Nader voters
Kerry wins 52.8% of the popular vote and 337 electoral votes
Best case scenario:
Gore won 80% of uncounted votes in 2000
Kerry won 80% of Nader voters
Kerry wins 54.1% of the popular vote and 389 electoral votes
Gore
Unctd Kerry % of Nader voters
Share 50% 60% 71% 80%
Kerry Vote Share
80% 53.3% 53.6% 53.9% 54.1%
75% 53.2% 53.4% 53.7% 53.9%
70% 53.0% 53.3% 53.5% 53.8%
65% 52.8% 53.1% 53.4% 53.6%
Kerry Electoral Vote
80% 358 367 367 389
75% 353 358 367 367
70% 343 353 367 367
65% 337 353 362 367
Sensitivity Analysis II
Given: Kerry won 71% of Nader Voters
Worst case scenario:
Gore won 65% of uncounted votes
Kerry won 52% of new voters (DNV2k)
Kerry wins 52.3% of the popular vote and 326 electoral votes
Best case scenario:
Gore won 80% of uncounted votes
Kerry won 61% of new voters
Kerry wins 54.7% of the popular vote and 389 electoral votes
Gore
Unctd Kerry % of New Voters
Share 52% 54% 57% 59% 61%
Kerry Vote Share
80% 52.8% 53.2% 53.9% 54.3% 54.7%
75% 52.7% 53.1% 53.7% 54.1% 54.5%
70% 52.5% 52.9% 53.5% 54.0% 54.4%
65% 52.3% 52.8% 53.4% 53.8% 54.2%
Kerry Electoral Vote
80% 343 367 367 389 389
75% 343 353 367 389 389
70% 337 353 367 367 389
65% 326 337 362 367 367
Sensitivity Analysis III
Worst case scenario:
Gore voter defection: 10%
Bush voter defection: 8%
Kerry wins 52.0% of the popular vote and 290 electoral votes
Best case scenario:
Gore voter defection: 6%
Bush voter defection: 12%
Kerry wins 55.1% of the popular vote and 389 electoral votes
Bush Gore Defection
Defect 10% 9% 8% 7% 6%
Kerry Vote Share
12% 53.5% 53.9% 54.3% 54.7% 55.1%
11% 53.1% 53.5% 53.9% 54.3% 54.7%
10% 52.8% 53.1% 53.5% 53.9% 54.3%
9% 52.4% 52.8% 53.2% 53.6% 54.0%
8% 52.0% 52.4% 52.8% 53.2% 53.6%
Kerry Electoral Vote
12% 367 389 389 389 389
11% 353 367 389 389 389
10% 326 353 367 389 389
9% 315 326 353 367 367
8% 290 315 326 353 367