HF8V - RED ARMY RADIOTELEGRAPH SIMULATOR - HF8V ================================== ANALYSING MILITARY TRAFFIC IN RARS ================================== ver. 4.27 IDENTIFICATION OF UNKNOWN STATION OR NETWORK 1. Frequency (SIMPLEX, DUPLEX) 2. Callsign 3 Callsign System used (ITU, TACTICAL, FIXED, DYNAMIC, INDIVIDUAL, LINEAR, INDIVIDUAL-LINEAR) 4 Callsign Format 5. Which telegraphic Alpabet is used in letter message (LATIN, RUSSIAN, JAPANESE, SPANISH, OTHERS) 6. Format of message (PBL, ADS, style and codes used, etc...) 7. Opchat, prosigns used, etc... 8. Crypto System used in messages 9. Does message contains fixed placed Indicator Group or Groups? Ad.1 If frequency is known from databases, archives. Please note that in case of old stations (2WW, etc), frequency can vary by 1-2 kHz, since they had used RXes without crystal filters, tuning standard was +/- 5 kHz. SIMPLEX or DUPLEX organisation of network gives us important information about it. Ad.2 If callsign is published in CALLSIGN.TXT or is widely known from databases, archives etc... Ad.3 First step is to establish if callsign is changing every time we hear particular station, thus if FIXED or DYNAMIC callsign is used. (DYNAMIC callsign Stations and Networks are used here to simulate frequently changing callsigns, new sets of callsigns are generated every time when frequency is retuned. In reality callsigns were changed every 24 or 12 hours, 10 days, 3 months or even in unregular periods). If DE or V prosign is used this is always INDIVIDUAL callsign system otherwise LINEAR or INDIVIDUAL-LINEAR. In LINEAR callsign system both stations uses the same LINEAR callsign to communication, while with INDIVIDUAL-LINEAR, every station use its own callsign to communication with that particullar station. In that case almost always duplex working system is used. Ad.4 Various formats were used by various organisations in the past and must be understands that formats changed in time in single organisation. Sometimes many periods of given oganisation are covered. For example Wehrmacht middle echelon Division Nets used 3 element callsign with 26 LATIN and 3 national charachters. Brief descriptions can be found in files. Ad.5 Since most of the world use ITA-1 alphabet there was many other in use, WABUN, RUSSIAN ALPHABET, SWEDISH ALPHABET, FRENCH ALPHABET, PORTUGUESE ALPHABET, SKATS and many othes can be found. Ad.6 Almost every organisation developed its own formats of sending messages, procedures, by which it can be easily recognised. Format is also strongly connected with Crypto matters. Ad.7 Very important thing. Every organisation always worked in its own distinctive style. Even if many was done to standarise some things. For example call-up format is very important, Warsaw Pact countries and its allies like China used 3x2 calling format, while capitalists used widely 2x2 of 3x3 (Commonwealth). Of couse all of them used 1x1 calling format for short calls, in this case this method doenst work. Ad.8 Generally speaking military stations used cryto messages while civil station used plain language (P/L), but it is oversimplified point of view. Of course P/L was used in low level CW in many armies in the past and sometimes civilian oganisations sent encrypted messaged (especially during wars). Particular cryto System sometimes can be seen by presence of specific format of message, indicator Groups, quantity of letters or figures in group etc... All details are important. Ad.9 Some cryptographic systems used fixed Indicator Groups on specific place in message. In some cases this is dynamically generated Indicator Group but still can be tracked, since it is repeated twice. Typical example here is Enigma message where first and last group is the same Indicator Group. While copying messages it is important to compare them and try to find Indicator Group. =========================== Analysing Red Army Networks =========================== RULE 1: All Defined Nets are using static (fixed) callsigns. RULE 2: Defined Divisional Networks changing to Day/Night Frequencies. RULE 3: Defined Army Networks not changing to Day/Night Frequencies. RULE 4: Undefined Networks never changing to Day/Night Frequencies. RULE 5: Defined Army Networks using low frequencies (1.5 - 2.5 MHz). RULE 6: Undefined Networks which sends radiotelegrams can be grouped upon SET used in last (service) group of their QTC. There are 3 sets. Every organisation/unit can using only one SET. RULE 7: Almost all national Armed Forces has its own distinct working style, own QTC format, PBL format, callsigns format, etc... Can be easily recognized. RULE 8: Non military stations using their internationally assigned well-known frequencies and ITU callsigns (mostly). RULE 9: Dynamic Callsigns Networks always have the same quantity of stations in their Network. RULE 10: Every Duplex Network has NCS and OSN frequency, where the same count of stations is being called/answered. RULE 11: Clandestine (Recon) military stations working with high tone (low power) and in choosen days of the month only. Band is the same as in radiostation Sever. RULE 12: Low power military comms (battalion radiostations like RBM-1, RSI-6K etc) working with high tone and very low strength (low power) and with very low PROB of some 10%. Band 1.5-6 MHz only. Dynamic 4 element callsigns only. RULE 13: Low power military comms 2 WW (battalion radiostations like RBM-1, RSI-6K etc) working with high tone and very low strength (low power) and with very low PROB of some 10%. Band 2.2-3.9 MHz only. Static callsigns, 3 element, taken from their code name. To analyse duplex dynamic networks you need to write graph with NCS in the middle and star connected outstations. By counting OSN you would looking for other end of duplex network where the sme count of OSN stations answering or called by NCS. =================================== RUSSIAN MILITARY RADIOGRAMS FORMATS =================================== General format is 5L RUS, 26 latin letters and 4 russian national !@#$ (see ALPAHBETS). 5th russian letter % is not used in military radiograms. First and last groups have special meanings. First group is often used for priority or broadcast identifiers, but this feature is not simulated yet. Last group are 5 figures encoded by 3 various sets. DDGGG D - date G - text group count without service group FIG: 0123456789 TYPE1: PQWERTYUIO TYPE2: KABWGDEVZI TYPE3: P!WERTYUIO