LILLIAN GISH

BIOGRAPHY

Birth Name: Lillian Diana de Guiche
Born: October 14, 1893 in Springfield, Ohio
Died: February 27, 1993 in New York, New York

Not only was Lillian Gish born in the right era, but she was also born with the ethereal beauty and grace to make her a star in the silent film industry. If Mary Pickford was the silent cinema's greatest personality, Lillian was its greatest actress.

A consummate actress, Lillian seemed to take delight in suffering for the art form that became her obsession. In order to experiment, Lillian worked in extreme conditions such as starvation, intense heat and bitter cold. Soon, she became the quintessential silent screen heroine, lovely and open to suffering. However, despite her characters' apparent weakness, Lillian's performances also let their inner strengths shine through.

Her stage debut took place in 1902 when she performed at The Little Red School House in Rising Sun, Ohio. From 1903 to 1904, with her mother and her sister Dorothy, Lillian toured in Her First False Step. The following year, she danced with the Sarah Bernardt production in New York City. From 1908 to 1911 she moved around, staying with various relatives. She lived with her aunt in Massillon, Ohio, with her mother in East St. Louis and briefly with her father in Oklahoma.

Lillian's film debut came in 1912, when she and her sister starred in An Unseen Enemy under the direction of D.W. Griffith. In 1913, during the production of A Good Little Devil, Lillian collapsed from anemia during a run of the play.

That same year, in The Mothering Heart, Lillian started showing signs of the emotional power hidden in the seemingly frail and hauntingly beautiful actress. Griffith utilized Lillian's aura to its fullest to develop the image of the suffering heroine. She also demonstrated an intense anger as shown in the same film, when she beats a bush after the death of her child. This intensity was present in all her films thereafter. Broken Blossoms is arguably Lillian's greatest silent film. The terror she expressed as her drunken father breaks down the door to the closet she was hiding in was communicated directly to the audience. She displayed that same intensity in Way Down East, when she baptizes a dying baby and in The Wind, where she roams, dying, through the streets of Montmartre. In 1920, she directed Dorothy Gish in Remodeling Her Husband and in 1922 she made Orphans in the Storm, her last film under Griffith's direction. She joined Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer in 1924 and made her first "talkie" One Romantic Night in 1930. She then returned to the stage in Uncle Vanya.

During the 1930s Lillian began working in radio. She made her television debut in 1948 with the Philco Playhouse production The Late Christopher Bean. In 1969, Lillian began giving the film lecture "Lillian Gish and the Movies: The Art of Film, 1900-1928."

Lillian has been honored with many of the motion picture industry's top honors, including an honorary Academy Award, The American Film Institute Life Achievement Award and the D.W. Griffith Award for lifetime achievement.

Lillian's combination of fragility and strength, as well as her rare beauty and brilliant performance on screen, made her one of the greatest stars in silent films. She will always be remembered as one of the pioneers in the motion pictures industry.

Cast: Lillian Gish [Anna Moore], Richard Barthelmess [David Bartlett], Mrs. David Landau [Mrs. Moore], Lowell Sherman [Lennox Sanderson], Burr McIntosh [Squire Bartlett], Josephine Bernard [Mrs. Tremont], Mrs. Morgan Belmont [Diana Tremont], Patricia Fruen [Diana’s sister], Florence Short [eccentric aunt], Kate Bruce [Mrs. Bartlett], Vivia Ogden [Martha Perkins], Porter Strong [Seth Holcomb], George Neville [Reuben Whipple], Edgar Nelson [Hi Holler], Mary Hay [Kate Brewster], Creighton Hale [Professor Sterling], Emily Fitzroy [Maria Poole]; David Landau, Carol Dempster, Una Merkel, Norma Shearer, Alice Shearer, Athole Shearer

D.W. Griffith, Incorporated, production; distributed by United Artists Corporation. / Produced by D.W. Griffith. Scenario by Anthony Paul Kelly, from the play adaptation Way Down East by Lottie Blair Parker and Joseph R. Grismer of the play Annie Laurie by Lottie Blair Parker. Art direction by Charles O. Seessel and Clifford Pember. Set construction by Clark Robinson. Gowns by Lady Duff Gordon. Furs by Otto Kahn, Incorporated. Lillian Gish’s gowns by Mrs. O’Kane Conwell. Associate director Elmer Clifton. Assistant directors Herbert Sutch and Frank Walsh. Technical direction by Frank ‘Huck’ Wortman. Production assistance by Leigh Smith. Cinematography by G.W. Bitzer, Hendrik Sartov and Paul H. Allen. Decorative titles by Victor Georg. Edited by James Smith and Rose Smith. Original music score arranged by Louis Silvers and William Frederick Peters. Presented by D.W. Griffith. / © 3 September 1920 by D.W. Griffith, Incorporated [LP15906]. Previewed August 1920 in Middletown, New York and Kingston, New York. Premiere 3 September 1920 at the 44th Street Theatre in New York, New York. General release 21 August 1921. / Standard 35mm spherical 1.37:1 format. Technicolor [process two] two-strip color process sequences. / Some footage shot near White River Junction, Vermont. Clarine Seymour appeared in footage early in the film’s production, but the footage was reshot and her role was assumed by Mary Hay after Seymour’s death. The film was shown on a road show basis by Griffith before being turned over to United Artists for general release. The film was rereleased in 1931 with synchronized music and sound effects. The film was restored in 1985 to 148 minutes by the Museum of Modern Art. / Print exists in the Museum of Modern Art film archive.