1. Using Rural Development
programs:
� I refer to programs like EGS (Maharashtra)-1975, IRDP-1981, its component- TRYSEM, JRY-1993, DPAP-1980, RMK-1995, Sampoorna Gramin Rojgar Yojana-2000,
� They addressed to rural poverty and unemployment, providing capital assistance, and partially to lack of vocational skills.
� Their success was limited because of (one reason) lack of coordination among various agencies and lack of proper dovetailing/interfacing of available programs. Hence, a larger % of beneficiaries could not get benefit or income generation in a sustained way.
� Coordination lacked at 3 levels- horizontally, among the secretaries of different departments, which hampered the speed of decision making (maximum bottleneck), vertically among the officers of same department, and horizontally among the district level officers. However, I was successful in overcoming them in our devdasi rehabilitation project (details below)
� In rural areas lot of traditional skills are becoming redundant making life difficult for artisans, nomadic tribes and many others. There is no scheme in formal System of education to either provide for up-gradation or alternative skills.
�
The EGS was meant for giving unskilled work to hundreds
of people at one work site, (immediately after 3 successive drought years
1972-73-74), as a first step and also upgrading their skill levels to
subsequently go for skilled employment, (hopefully self-employment). IRDP in
1981 provided an excellent dove- tailing opportunity which was lost for want of
this skill among bureaucracy. JRY went the same way. Now is the chance with
Sampoorn Gramin Rojgar Yojana.
� Any loan scheme as in IRDP or training scheme as in TRYSEM needs backward and forward linkages. It is possible to organize these provided that right kind of motivation, authority, freedom and flexibilities are given at the district and taluka levels in an �area- planning� approach and gelling of these schemes with each other is facilitated at that level.
� At GoI level, a system needs to be built up for a dialogue with district level implementation machinery, which is not in the nature of target- monitoring alone (though monitoring is extremely essential) but for discussing problems and achieving results (as distinguished from targets), facilitating dovetailing of schemes.
� For example, if more milch cattle are given under IRDP, then milk collection roots and dairy cooperative societies need also be promoted in that same area. The CEO or Collector will need more authority to deal with this.
� There is need to look into our human resource, that is, officers who have practical experience of these schemes, and learning from them. Appropriate level presentation, group discussions, and training modules can be worked out and carried through.
2. Using SHG or IRDP with Supplementary nutritional
program:
Using SHG, IRDP, ICDS,
SNP, Anganwadi etc together:
These are the type of questions that need to be
handled in Rural Dev. Dept. at the JS level.
3. Using IRDP:�
a case
Here is a brief report of
how I used the IRDP for economic rehabilitation of Devdasis
Towards
economic rehabilitation:
�
I Stopped these
offerings forever at Jat temple.
�
We Started training
under TRYSEM in woolen knitwear. This was thwarted with many problems that a
normal officer is not supposed to go into. They gave me an inkling as to where
IRDP can go wrong in future and also how it can be used for downtrodden and BPL
families.
�
MSFC bank gave
machine loans under IRDP.
�
WMDC gave advances
for working capital, (I was transferred to WMDC by then)
�
WMDC also gave
support for backward and forward linkages- something missing in IRDP. Backward
linkage meant training in innumerable aspects from literacy onward, getting
land grants, working capital, a platform for themselves, setting up their
cooperative society and giving initial managerial support. Forward linkages
meant finding market, and training for diversification.
�
I Facilitated a voluntary
organization to start a chidren hostel for their children.
�
We used� housing scheme for their houses.
�
I alloted land for
work sheds and working women�s hostel for them.
�
RCF funded these
constructions.
�
Involved Central Silk
Board for their silk reeling training.
�
Promoted them as
trainers in various activites undertaken by other voluntary agencies.
�
Conducted personality
development programs.�
And so on�����
More details can be seen
at