Japanese history has about 700 years of the feudal period from the end of the 12th century to the late 19th century. After the long "Sengoku-jidai" or Japanese Civil War period (late 15th century through late 16th century) and Azuchi-momoyama period (late 16th century through 1603), Tokugawa Ieyasu started the new shogunate, Edo bakufu or Tokugawa bakufu, and the shogunate lasted over 250 years (1603-1867). During the Edo era, the Tokugawa shogunate divided the country into four classes: samurai, farmers, artisans and merchants. The government required that the daimyo (lords) and their samurai spend time in Edo (now Tokyo) mostly during alternate years. As a result, an entertainment and large recreation industry flourished in Edo. Such a industory was called Ukiyo-the floating world. The economic and political center of Japan moved from Kyoto to Edo in the early Edo era, but the cultural center was still Kyoto and Osaka area until the middle of 18 century. It was after the Great Fire of Meireki (1657) that the cultural center gradually shifted from Kyoto and Osaka area to Edo. During the Edo era, unlike previous periods, when noble people or samurai created Japanese arts, townspeople (artisans and merchants) enjoyed the creation of the new culture for themselves, such as Ukiyoe, Bunraku and Kabuki.