How do we form the Present Perfect?

Which two time lines does the Present Perfect connect?

Which time line does the Present Perfect focus on?

Which tense do we generally use to speak about achievements or completions of activities in the present?

Which tense do we generally use when we speak about news, especially news of recent events?

Which tense do we generally use when we give details which provide further information about events?

Which of the following words and phrases are commonly used with the Present Perfect?

Which tense do we generally use when we answer the question 'How many ...?'

Which tense do we generally use when we answer the question 'How long ...?' and a dynamic verb is employed?

Which tense do we generally use when we speak about present results of activities past?

Which tense do we generally use when we speak about origins of actions and the circumstances surrounding their existence?

The phrases 'always, ever, never' may be used in the Past Simple tense in ... .

In American English, which adverbs may readily be used with the Past Simple to announce news, especially news of recent events?