1.5. Radio stations and systems

Each station shall be classified by the service in which it operates permanently or temporarily.

In these Regulations, unless otherwise stated, any station is a terrestrial station.

– with one or more space stations; or

– with one or more stations of the same kind by means of one or more reflecting satellites or other objects in space.

In certain instances, an aeronautical station may be located, for example, on board ship or on a platform at sea.

This definition does not include amateur stations.

A satellite link comprises one up-link and one down-link.

A multi-satellite link comprises one up-link, one or more satellite-to-satellite links and one down-link.

 

1.6. Operational terms

In this definition the term telegraphy has the same general meaning as defined in the Convention.

– by a group of the general public at one location; or

– through a distribution system covering a limited area.

 

1.7. Characteristics of emissions and radio equipment

For example, the energy radiated by the local oscillator of a radio receiver would not be an emission but a radiation.

A carrier frequency may, for example, be designated as the characteristic frequency.

The frequency tolerance is expressed in parts in 106 or in hertz.

Unless otherwise specified in an ITU-R Recommendation for the appropriate class of emission, the value of ß/2 should be taken as 0.5%.

peak envelope power (PX or pX);

mean power (PY or pY);

carrier power (PZ or pZ).

For different classes of emission, the relationships between peak envelope power, mean power and carrier power, under the conditions of normal operation and of no modulation, are contained in ITU-R Recommendations which may be used as a guide.

For use in formulae, the symbol p denotes power expressed in watts and the symbol P denotes power expressed in decibels relative to a reference level.

Depending on the choice of the reference antenna a distinction is made between:

  1. absolute or isotropic gain (Gi), when the reference antenna is an isotropic antenna isolated in space;

  2. gain relative to a half-wave dipole (Gd), when the reference antenna is a half-wave dipole isolated in space whose equatorial plane contains the given direction;

  3. gain relative to a short vertical antenna (Gv), when the reference antenna is a linear conductor, much shorter than one quarter of the wavelength, normal to the surface of a perfectly conducting plane which contains the given direction.

 

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