Why hasn’t a cure
for Pedophilia been found?
I know there are people
trying but there is also issues of funding and one
track thinking. There has to be an
answer but the resistance towards finding one seems huge. Of course, society must temper finding a
solution with protecting victims. I get
that. But Why no
advances in science after all this time.
I put this page up
in hopes that I would find a medical professional willing to look again at this
issue from a different perspective. I am
from
I know there are people
in the field locally but getting to the person willing to challenge
conventional thought is near impossible.
Please read my
proposal
I can be emailed
at [email protected]
Proposal for
Invasive Methods
to Eradicate Pedophilia
Table of Contents
Preface |
2 |
Introduction |
5 |
About
the Author |
6 |
Personal
Interaction |
8 |
Definition
Of Pedophilia |
10 |
Theories |
11 |
Treatment
Methods |
19 |
Testing
Methods |
21 |
My
Proposal |
22 |
The
Evil Within |
24 |
Preface
Avoiding
or hoping that since the problem is so embarrassing, complicated and sensitive
an issue it will go away hasn’t worked.
And it wont.
And people will ask why hasn’t anything been done to fix this? The answer will be simply, because no one had
the courage.
Pedophilia
has been around for many years. The
theories as to why are as diverse as the perpetrators who commit sexual offences
on children. I have decided to make it
my goal to change the face of pedophilia in a way that seems impossible. To find a cure for what I believe is a biologically
oriented disorder. Yes, I have myself
been charged with sexual offences against children. The first charge, I offended against 2 males
and the most recent, a 9 year old girl.
There was no penetration and much of the details of my offences were “textbook”
offences which mean that some research has been correct in identifying aspects
of pedophilia. However, the how is not
an aspect of this proposal. With the
how, we are subject to societal bias and fear.
The how is an excellent tool for attempting to prevent more innocent
victims through education.
Unfortunately, the how has not been 100% effective. If it was, there would be no more victims.
Anyone
reading this might wonder why I choose to attempt this and why it is not being
done by highly skilled doctors and psychiatrists. To be honest, most of the information I am
presenting has been done by those people.
Unfortunately, funding is limited in this area of research and the
opinions vary immensely. What I have
done, is look at the various theories, incorporated them with my thought
patterns and summarized a conclusion. Of
course, this whole process stops at theory unless I am able, with this paper to
convince people who are able to take this one step farther.
I
of course do have something to gain. Due
to my offending behaviour, I lost a family that was very important to me. My offending behaviour caused intense pain,
confusion, frustration and a sense of loss.
In them, my hope for a real future existed. I was happy and looked forward to a lifetime
with them and their extended. My
upbringing was difficult. In order to
keep this paper focused, I will not spend much time disclosing my past abuses
and struggles. The only reason I mention
it is to show that the last thing in the world I would want to do is loose that
family. That future
companion. Yet, even though I put
such value on them, I still offended. The why. The why
would I offend knowing that I would loose everything that was important to me
is the focus of this proposal. I have
nothing to loose but everything to gain.
I am dedicated to find a solution.
I know that there will be variables and obstacles but without trying, we
advance no where. However,
what if it’s successful. What if
through science and medicine, we are able to eliminate pedophilia.
I
have spent some time researching information on the topic. Both treatment methods and
theories as to it existence. I
hate pedophilia, yet somehow, I am afflicted with it. According to pro-pedo rights groups, it is
because I have yet to come to terms with it as a way of life. I don’t believe there exists
a world where an acceptable way of life is to cause harm to the most
vulnerable. That would somehow reflect a
Those
people represent the majority of child sexual offenders.
Introduction:
In
order to make this more understandable, I have decided to begin with some
discussion of various methods of treatment and why these methods have been
employed. I also am going to discuss the
success of those treatments. After each
method, I will insert some comment if any from my own personal experience. Part of my proposal reasoning is based on the
fact that it would be impossible for a person not afflicted with pedophilia to
have the same thought patterns and processes as a person with. I only hope to give insight.
Followed
by this is my theory. I do realize I am neither
a scientist nor a professional but given that I am the one with the issue, I
figured some of my insight might have value. There have been a great number of people who
have done research but they have not come together with each other. While looking at their theories, I can piece
parts that make sense for me and try to design a string or reasons to form a
conclusion.
Finally
at the end there will be a conclusion with the hope that someone will attempt
this conclusion of me as their test subject.
About
the Author:
I am a Canadian male,
aged 35. (1971)I was born in
I
have had a “reasonable” amount of girlfriends throughout my life and was
married in 1998. The marriage was
separated in 2005.
I have been sexually,
emotionally and physically assaulted. My earliest recollection of sexual abuse was
at the age of 6. I do not have an
earliest recollection of physical abuse as it seems it was constant and existed my entire life.
While I believe I was sexually assaulted several times, I do not have
facts of clear memories of the events.
Some were friends of family, a teacher, a security guard and perhaps my
own mother. I have very few memories from
my childhood and the ones I do recall are unpleasant.
As a child I was presently fairly
happily. I wet the bed until aged 9 and
soiled until age 7.
As a teen I was defensive. Although I had a tendency to violence, I
often encouraged others to be violent on my behalf. I had little fear of life or death.
I am insecure.
While throughout my life, I have attempted to overcome this, the fact
remains. I am often given praise for
tasks which I believe are inadequate. I
am partially a perfectionist.
Socially I am
accepted. I behave well in groups of people and often
am a leader of my peers. I show clear
boundaries.
Sexually, I was repressed. Beyond masturbation, I had little sexual
experience. When married, sex was still sporadic. The past year, sex has been far more frequent
and pleasurable with my girlfriend.
Education.
I have completed high school with an ossd and
had average grades. I continued to
college while working to support myself.
I completed all the tasks to have received the diploma however, could
not afford to pay the final bill and was forced to leave it uncompleted. I continue to learn quickly. Whmis, first aid, cpr, cpi. I absorb information quite quickly.
Employment: My first job was at McDonalds,
then Pizza Delivery, woolco and a summer camp. After high school, I worked fulltime as a youth
worker, public relations personnel, head of security
at a street mission. I then became a
sign sales person, midnight newspaper delivery and a juice Technician for a
coffee company. Finally, I started my
own businesses. One was a sign company
and one a beverage repair company. I
excelled in every one of the jobs listed and always rose to the highest
position available and within my educational level. I am punctual and reliable.
I was reprimanded and sent for counseling at 13 for
touching a female child inappropriately.
No follow-up beyond that point.
In 2001 I was charged for sexually assaulting 2 male children. One ages 13 and the other aged 10. I was given a conditional sentence of 90days
in jail on weekends and 3 years probation.
I was also required to attend treatment which consisted of group therapy
and a maintenance group. Shortly after
the term of my probation ended, I offended against a 9 yr old girl. The girl was the daughter of my
girlfriend. I am currently awaiting
court matters on this issue.
I
wrote these so that you might be able to compare my information with the
various theories. For
example. Some conclude offending
might be due to lack of sexual relations.
This theory would not hold true since while sex was sporadic at the time
of the second offence, it was not at the time of the last. Therefore, one could conclude that while this
may be factor of experience for some, it will not be deemed as causal.
My personal interaction with the system
(only written to give
share why someone would not openly seek help or rely upon the justice
system. Also to share my own personal
bias)
While his seems odd to place here, I felt it was
important to note since I am looking at flaws in the system and hoping to evoke
a real positive change in the way pedophilia is eliminated.
The Police. Generally,
the police treat the offender properly (obviously this also means the offender
is behaving properly). Not only the detectives, but also the ones who escort the offender
to various places. However,
general police do not have the training to approach offenders when in routine
business. I personally have been pulled
over 2 times and thrown in the back of a police car while the officers search
my car. Then, they ask me questions
about my offences and also on occasion have been physically assaulted. Why didn’t I report this? Because a person with this type of offence
does not last in custody and it is unwise to anger the people who can reveal
your charges.
Jail guards. Only once has a jail guard attempted to cause
me harm. While in mimico
detention center, the guard as loud as possible stated my charges in front of
other inmates. Fortunately, I was in
solitary confinement for my own safety.
Counseling and medical professionals.
The doctor who examined me was very
professional. I was confused as to what
was happening with me and why I had offended.
When I left, he stated he didn’t think I was a huge risk to re-offend
and sent me to testing. To my surprise his
court documents stated untruths.
The person who tested me was very
unprofessional. He ordered me to go into
graphic detail of my offences and elaborated on them. When he did this, it made me feel
uncomfortable. He physically touched me
on the leg several times and whispered in my ear during the phallometric
testing. I realized that there was no
method of recourse. He made me continue
in counseling with him and ordered me to sever my other counseling. I did.
At one point he ordered me to alter other people in my life’s living
situation. I refused. The following session I ended the counseling
but he informed me he was going to end it since I was untreatable. Following that, he wrote a scathing review
for my court appearance. Had I just done
what he wanted, he likely would have written a reasonable report. His erratic behaviour reminded me of an
offender.
My group therapy counselor was very good. He controlled the group and did not hesitate
to take an offender to task in discussion.
He was fair and clear in everything he said.
Definition
of Pedophilia
International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (F65.4) defines pedophilia as "a sexual preference for children, boys or girls or both, usually of prepubertal or early pubertal age.”
The APA's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th edition, Text Revision gives the following as its "Diagnostic criteria for 302.2 Pedophilia"
· Over a period of at least 6 months, recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors involving sexual activity with a prepubescent child or children (generally age 13 years or younger).
· The person has acted on these urges, or the sexual urges or fantasies cause marked distress or interpersonal difficulty.
· The person is at least age 18 years and at least 5 years older than the child or children in Criterion A.
Do not include an individual in late adolescence involved in an ongoing sexual relationship with a 12 or 13-year-old.
The actual boundaries between childhood and adolescence may vary in individual cases and are difficult to define in rigid terms of age. The World Health Organization, for instance, defines adolescence as the period of life between 10 and 19 years of age, though it is most often defined as the period of life between the ages of 13 and 18.
The APA diagnostic criteria do not require actual sexual activity with a child. The diagnosis can therefore be made based on the presence of fantasies or sexual urges alone, provided the subject meets the remaining criteria.
Theories
of why this occurs
**
It should be noted that there are three main types of research groups which
makes data collection difficult. The
three groups are very extreme. One being a foundation for science. This is scientific groups collecting data to
make a synopsis and appears to be the most reliable. The second is the Anti-pedo movement. This group tends to exaggerate certain facts
to ensure punishment or minimize facts to eliminate excuses. The third is the pro-pedo movement. These people tend to attempt to minimize the
impact of abuse and rationalize their behaviours while trying to convince their
audience that the behaviour is normal.
While I may not subscibe to the reasoning for
the study, I must accept thast the stuydy exists and perhaps can shed light on this topic.
This
theory has been stated often as a reason why someone would have a bused and in fact
is often raised by a defendant. While
this would appear to make some sense, research has proven that although there
is prevalence to abuse and that some offenders have in the past been sexually
abused, not all offenders were in fact sexually abused. Also, it is important to note that not all
children who were sexually abused grow up to become offenders.
While
the information varies depending upon which political agenda funded the study,
it is somewhat consistent that approx 10% of abuse victims become offenders. Also, it is found that approx. 30% of
Offenders were victims of abuse.
Although this is approximates, the statistics are not near 100% so
therefore are not relevant for the purpose of this document.
So
in conclusion, while this explanation gives a great excuse for why an offender
would offend, it is not consistent and therefore irrelevant for the purposes of
this paper.
Personal:
I was offended as a child. It is my belief that this occurred
often. While this may have impacted my
learning of sexual issues, it did not “Cause” me to become an offender. However, the fact that I became sexually
aware at such a young age may be a factor in the sexual games I played as an
adolescent. It also may have been a
place of resource for me when it came to my own offending behaviour. (It is
interesting to note that my offending behaviour mimicked the events of my own
sexual abuse). This was not a cognitive decision
to offend in this fashion.
Ah,
Freud. Theories about pedophilia
typically involve ideas about child sexuality, fixation at an infantile
developmental stage, oedipal conflict, projection, castration anxiety, and
narcissism. Any sexual behaviors that resemble childhood activities are assumed
to indicate "regression" to, or "fixation" at, an immature
stage, and are assumed to be due to some developmental difficulty in childhood,
usually involving Freud’s "Oedipus complex."
While
I might buy some of this, I can’t believe that this is a root cause. Plus it is subject to offender discloser and
there is little scientific way to test this theory. However, this in combination with brain
development might have some merit. No
research could be found on the topic of learning except as listed below. Unfortunately, no correlation was made.
Personal:
This also appears to indicate that the
offender would perceive his behaviours, or at least his feeling about his
behaviours as normal. I do not feel
that. Nor do several other offenders I
have met or read about. So while this
theory may have some merit re: “being Stuck at a
sexual developmental stage”, I find it difficult to believe that one stuck at
this stage could also have mature adult sexual relations.
Some
research has shown that the hormonal difference between pedophiles and normal
adult males are indifferent. There have
been noted chromosome differences but this research has not been pursued. Brain pathology also may be a factor.
Further:
Updated: 6:49 p.m. ET Oct 31, 2003
University
of
The man had an egg-sized brain tumor pressing on the right frontal lobe. When surgeons removed it, the lewd behavior and pedophilia faded away. Exactly why, the surgeons cannot quite explain.
“It’s possible the tumor released some pre-existing urges,” Burns said. “But that’s a tough debate, we just don’t know.”
The outcome raises questions not only about how tumors alter brain function, but also how they can influence behavior and judgment.
Daniel T. Tranel, a
‘Less free will than you
think?’
“The individual simply loses the ability to control impulses or anticipate the
consequences of choices,” Tranel said.
Dr. Stuart C. Yudofsky, a psychiatrist at the Baylor College of Medicine who specializes in behavioral changes associated with brain disorders, also has seen the way brain tumors can bend a person’s behavior.
“This tells us something about being human, doesn’t it?” Yudofsky said. If one’s actions are governed by how well the brain is working, “does it mean we have less free will than we think?”
It’s a question with vast implications in the criminal justice system.
The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that executing mentally retarded murderers is unconstitutionally cruel because of their diminished ability to reason and control their urges.
Chris Adams, a death penalty specialist for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, thinks the next logical step would be to include people who have brain tumors.
“Some people simply don’t have the frontal lobe capacity to stop what they’re doing,” he said.
Human behavior is governed by complex interactions within the brain. But scientists think most “executive functions” — decisions with major consequences — are controlled within the frontal lobes, the most highly evolved section of the brain.
Tumors in that area can squeeze enough blood from the region to effectively put it to sleep, dulling someone’s judgment in a way that’s similar to drinking too much alcohol.
Only in very rare cases would the tumor turn the person to violence or deviant behavior on its own, Tranel said.
Dr. Patrick
J. Kelly, chairman of the Department of Neurosurgery at
“I’ve seen them make people hyperactive, forgetful, apathetic,” Kelly said. “And it usually takes a fairly extensive tumor to do that ... the size of an orange maybe.”
No control over impulses
The Virginia schoolteacher with the tumor didn’t respond to written
interview requests by The Associated Press made through his doctors. But
according to his case report, which Swerdlow and
Burns wrote in the Archives of Neurology, the man didn’t remember having
abnormal sexual urges for most of his life.
In 2000, the man began collecting sex magazines and visiting pornographic Web sites, focusing much of his attention on images of children and adolescents.
Eventually he couldn’t stop himself, telling doctors “the pleasure principle overrode” everything else. When he started making subtle advances on his young stepdaughter, his wife called police. He was arrested for child molestation.
The man was convicted and failed a 12-step rehabilitation program for sexual addiction because he couldn’t stop asking for sex favors, according to the case report.
The day before he was to be sentenced to prison, the man walked into the emergency room with a headache. He was distraught, Swerdlow said, and was contemplating suicide.
He also was “totally unable to control his impulses,” Burns said. “He’d proposition nurses.”
An MRI revealed the tumor, and it was cut out days later. The man’s behavior began to improve. Swerdlow said the judge allowed him to complete a Sexaholics Anonymous program. The man eventually moved back home with his wife and stepdaughter.
About a year later, Swerdlow said, the tumor partially grew back and the man started to collect pornography again. He had another operation last year, and his urges again subsided.
“That’s one of the interesting things about frontal lobe damage,” Swerdlow said. “This guy, he knew what he was doing was wrong, but he thought there wasn’t anything wrong with him, and he didn’t stop.”
Personal:
I actually feel this, with
combination has true merit. I explain
further in my conclusion but sense that biology combined with early learned
behaviours present these issues and only present a various times of heightened
anxiety of mental distress. At this
point there is little impulse control and the situations quickly escalate out
of control.
These
theories are based on the assumption that pedophilia is a form of sexual
aggression. They suggest that sexual aggression results when an individual’s
cognitive distortions about the meaning and impact of sexually aggressive
behavior allows him to justify it. He may think the victim enjoys or benefits
from the act, or at least is not harmed by it.
Part
of this theory includes personality, situation, family history, sexual
dissatisfactions and substance abuse.
The only issue I have with this is that for me, it is not based on sexual
gratification. Certain situations may
trigger the offence but the motivations for myself
have never been formed from a sexual basis although the crimes I committed
where sexual in nature.
Personal:
I agree that these issues are prevalent. I wonder if they are not post offending developments
to what the offender knows is a horrible act.
By justifying what has been done, the offender can then believe he is a
good person. These distortions become so
real that the offender now believes them to be a part of true life and not as
an adaptive solution.
Developmental
theories assume that pedophilia results from adverse childhood experiences:
negative socialization, abuse or neglect, inadequate social skills, academic
problems, or early sexual experiences.
Personal:
While some of this seems to make sense, it
seems that some does not. While I was
abused, I managed to develop appropriate social skills. Although only recently have I learned true
attachment to someone although I did in fact marry. I held a good job and remained there for 10
years, excelling to a higher position. I
did have early sexual experiences but by no means became sexual
aggressive. I did at times appear sexual
repressive. But again, which came
first. Are these indicators of
pedophilia or the cause?
It might be important to differentiate
which part of these is relative to my personal abuse and which are relative to
the fact of being an offender. Human
beings are extremely complex. The issue
is weeding out the “tainted by life data” and the “true to pedophiles data”.
Basically,
this theory is the Pavlov’s dog. When
the bell ring we salivate since our experience told us food was coming. Or the Skinner box where the rat learned what
he could and could not do to get a reward.
The thought process is that pedophiles have learned through successful
experience what to do to continue the experience.
A method of
treatment….. Of course..
Electric shock or bad smells when the offender is exposed to stimulants of
minors…. I mock this theory unfairly
since it has some merit. I think that
for the offender to re-abuse a child, he will offend in the same place since it
was successful in the past.
Personal:
However, after each of my offences, I have been
riddled with guilt. It in no way was a
positive thing for me so this theory doesn’t work. If the theory is regarding the sexual
interaction as a child being a positive feeling, then it still doesn’t work
since not all offenders were victims of child abuse.
Basically,
this theory suggests that it is a desire that is hidden and because of that
grows to such extreme measures which prompt an offence. Those who theorize this relate it to the
pre-gay era and the behaviour of homosexuals.
Theory
makes little sense in the relation since the behaviour involves unconsenting victims as opposed to hiding with a consenting
adult. Also, this theory is post
pedophilia which is not the focus of this proposal.
Treatment
methods
It
is interesting to note that none of these methods are 100% effective. Including chemical
castration. The treatment methods
seem to relate to the above causes and tend not to sway to far from that
methodology. I would theorize that this
is an issue due to funding. The author
of the treatment must remain consistent to their previous thought process in
order to sustain funding for research even if the earlier research had flaws or
was inconclusive.
Medical intervention
There
are some medications available but the fact that they alter the brain but yet
are not 100% effect draws the conclusion that these medications do not target
the right area of the brain. They tend
to be directed towards sexual drive. Things such as chemical castration etc. This negates that the issue of pedophilia
might be more than just a sexual urge. I
feel it is deeper than that. Personally,
I am on an anti depressant medication which has shown to reduce sex drive. Although the hormonal levels have been in the
normal range, there has to be a reason why the Chromosome levels are elevated
as well as research should be done to determine if there is a difference in the
frontal lobe.
Behavioural
These
are the Skinner box/Pavlov’s dog type approaches to treatment. They have used foul smells and electric shock
to teach the individual to not be aroused by images etc. Prison is also a behavioural approach. Not only does this protect society, it also
educates the offender that the behaviour is wrong. Again, there remains a recidivism rate so
therefore these methods cannot be the solution.
I have been incarcerated for a short time and am likely going to be
again.
Cognitive
The
most common form of this is group therapy.
Basically, as a group work is done to unlearn this behaviour. It includes impact on victims, denial and
disorderly thinking and ends with a relapse prevention plan. This appears to be the most effective but
still is not 100%. Many offenders I have
met did not cognitively want to offend.
These programs are few and difficult to come by. I have finished the treatment program and a
follow-up maintenance group. It only
served to remind me of what a horrible thing I had done. Yes, it did give me some effective tools to
solve some dilemmas and was a good support network if I needed it. The reminder was helpful however in reminding
me to not re-offend.
Testing
Methods
Ways to test for pedophilia.
Phallometrics. This is essentially;
placing an elastic on the offenders penis and having
him view pictures and listen to recordings.
It measures changes of the size of the penis. This has been proven to be unreliable. If used as a tool to confirm arousal only,
this makes sense but it fails to look at other factors. Not all offenders become aroused. Some non
offenders do.
I have undergone this test. Not only was it degrading, it used poor
images and recording, the tester spoke with me during the test encouraging me
to relax and enjoy the audio. Therefore
this test had outside interaction. I
also wonder if a non offender who had been abused as a child might become
aroused looking at images of a child of that age due to reflection. I don’t know nor am I willing to speculate.
Written
tests
These are typically multiple choice questions and
require the offender to be honest. Typically,
the offender is facing incarceration and the last thing
they want to do it commit to paper any deviant thoughts. They also require that the offender has
personal insight.
General
discussion/evaluation
This method is based upon the offender telling the
truth and the evaluator being unbiased.
This is such a volatile subject that it is difficult for both the
offender and the evaluator to not have any bias towards various behaviours.
My Proposal
While it concerns me to have my brain physically
altered, I wonder if it’s the answer. Everything
I have read has lead me to believe that if one were to alter brain patterns and
adjust the chromosome levels this with a thorough examination of the frontal
lobe, could lead to an altered behaviour.
I believe pedophilia is a combination of learned
behaviour and an altered state of mind. That many of the “causes” are in fact symptoms of a mental
abnormality. This in conjunction
with reduced impulse control leads to a pattern of abuse. I believe that these behaviours become a
learned behaviour while the impulse control mechanism is underdeveloped. (as a child) I am by no means a brain surgeon but have
some personal insight. I question the
area of the brain that handles attachment and pleasure (not sexual but feelings
of joy, happiness, safety)
I wonder if there is a difference there as well. I wonder if the “fixation issue” is due to
being “Stuck” when the abnormal development in the brain begins. I believe the abnormality begins at an early
age. Perhaps even at the first sign of
sexual awareness as a chid.
I propose.. To be evaluated by a physiatrist who will
monitor changes and perhaps prescribe medication that
will balance the level of chromosomes in the brain. This and other medications as differences in
brain patterns are determined. Further
to this, if no progress is made, to be physically operated on my a brain surgeon. The purpose being to physically manipulate various areas of the
brain. Similar
to a lobotomy but not focused on removal of the brain but adjustment and not focuse on sexual drive.
The issue of my offending pattern (M.O.) could be
related to being mentally “stuck” at the stage I was initially offended and
made sexually aware. The
learned part of the behaviour.
The steps may sound extreme but so is the
issue. IF it turns out that a solution
can be found, then all the risk was worth it.
I crave a “normal life” and do not feel I have much a future with such
an illness. I am willing to take
whatever measures will work.
The evil within us…
While I am not sure I subscribe to this reasoning,
I felt it was necessary to share it.
Some speculate that people are capable of horrific things (i.e. Murder
etc). But we suppress those so deep and that those without suppression ability
act upon it. I wish to share a study and
I choose not to discuss it further in regards to this paper but wonder if this
is true, perhaps the issue is related to impulse and in each person resides all
these issues of illness..
University males' sexual interest in children: predicting potential
indices of "pedophilia" in a nonforensic
sample.
Briere J, Runtz M.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences,
A survey was administered to 193 male undergraduate students regarding their
sexual interest in children, as well as their responses to a number of
questions theoretically relevant to pedophilia. In total, 21% of subjects reported
sexual attraction to some small children, 9% described sexual fantasies
involving children, 5% admitted to having masturbated to such fantasies, and 7%
indicated some likelihood of having sex with a child if they could avoid
detection and punishment. These sexual interests were associated with negative
early sexual experiences, masturbation to pornography, self-reported likelihood
of raping a woman, frequent sex partners, sexual conflicts, and attitudes
supportive of sexual dominance over women. The data did not, however, support
clinical theories regarding sexual repression or impulse-control problems among
potential pedophiles.