Truth is the first casualty of war.CoT
another victory like this and we're lost.Origin of
Pyrrhic victory.H
Not long after the fire, the apostle Peter is crucified, inverted at his own request. He was never Bishop of Rome; that was Linus. Besides there was nothing special about the Bishop of Rome. [de Rosa Vicars of Christ 1989 p19, 45, 287]
the Jews must have Israel, God gave it to them; well yeah, He did, but conditionally. He said
Behave yourselves or the land will spit you out like it did those that went before(Lev 18:24-28). And they (or, for that matter, we) couldn't behave themselves (Exo 32) the 40 days (Exo 24:18) it took Moses to fetch the first edition of the Ten or so Commandments and other miscellaneous but mulitudinous regulations (Exo 25-31). Imagine what they became after a couple hundred years without Moses, who was dead even before they got to the promised land, 40 years later. God gave them Israel…but then the vengeful landlord took it away again until the Messiah comes, or returns. And Ariel Sharon is not my idea of the Messiah. More like the antimessiah. These Mercan neocons who are itchin' to set off the Apocalypse so they can be translated to heaven, are dangerously deluded if not demented.)
crossing the Rubiconhas meant some sort of point of no return ever since.
Maybe it was when the great orator (=politician) Cicero paid thugs to set fire to the buildings of Rome so the citizens will finally understand just how vulnerable the Republic was and how the system must be changed and full executive powers must be given to Cicero if Rome was to survive. But that cannot be it since Cicero was kindly asked to empty the contents of his veins into a hot bath. Failing to comply, he was helped.EP (Recall the discussion in Godfather III)
Maybe when Thoukididis put on the `I'm a loony' paper hat and gave the speech on how the greek colonies in Sicily could be protected by means of an invasion. But wait; that cannot be it since Thoukididis personally led the two athenian phalanx divisions sent thus proving that he really believed the things he said. (And leading a phalanx for the athenians meant being one step in front of the phalanx when the enemy grinned!)EP
Maybe it was when Crassus maneuvered Spartacus into threatening Rome, blackmailing the Senate into giving him the `Prætorian' status? Hmm, could be. But then how come that Rome revoked that status the next year and left him merely a Consul?EP
Smallpox appears to have originated after the collapse of the Greek and Roman Empires. These empires were well known for their high standards of health and cleanliness. A disease resembling smallpox devastated Africa and Asia, but the great `pagan' [esp Islamic] civilizations were spared. Why? Perhaps it had to do with their public baths, gymnasia, solaria, athletic stadia, municipal water supply, drainage, toilet facilities, well-aired, sunny, spacious and clean living quarters, garbage disposal, simple, natural and unspoiled foods. The sanitary conditions of the towns and cities of Europe were nowhere near as high as that of the Roman and Greek Empires. According to Montgomery's English History, the streets of London and other cities were rarely more than twelve to fifteen feet wide and were neither paved nor lighted. There were pools of stagnant water accumulating everywhere, heaps of garbage piled everywhere, and only removed when it began to obstruct the traffic. There was no sewage and dead dogs, cats, rubbish, rotten vegetable and fruit refuse, human and animal excreta, and slops from the kitchen were all thrown into the streets. This sounds like prime breeding ground for a variety of diseases. These were the conditions in which the bubonic plague thrived! The cities were surrounded by high walls, and could not expand so people were forced to live in a slum-like manner. There were holes for windows, which provided little or no ventilation. Entire families slept in one room—often in one bed—and hundreds of people would live in one building! The people rarely washed, they had no bathtubs, seldom had underwear and wore the same clothes day and night. They lived in utter poverty, working long slave-like hours (even the children), drank heavily of alcohol, ate spoiled, unnatural food and suffered from malnutrition. The wealthier classes fared only slightly better.With time, these conditions changed. Sewage systems were developed, bathing became more popular, and people stopped dumping their trash in the streets. Dr. John Tilden said `There is no question but that perfect sanitation has almost obliterated this disease, and sooner or later will dispose of it entirely. Of course, when that time comes, in all probability the credit will be given to vaccination.' This came to pass in 1977… HL
The extent of Arab learning and culture was such that European Kings, Christian Kings, would send their sons and daughters to be educated in Moslem places such as Cordova and Toledo. Christian Crusaders coming back from the Middle East told of the richness of Arab culture, leading to Europeans' desire for Arab goods, which in turn led to trade routes between Europe and the Middle East. The resulting wealth created from that trade with the Arabs led to the ascendancy of power for European city-states such as Venice and Florence, which became the birthplaces of the Renaissance in Europe. MM
Once Istanbul was Constantinople,
Now it's Istanbul, not Constantinople.
Been a long time gone, Constantinople.
Why did Constantinople get the works?
That's nobody's business but the Turks'.—Kennedy & Simon
Be very careful what you put in that head, because you will never, ever get it out.(I think he was warning Moore about advising Henry VIII how to get rid of a wife; but the statement has very general application.)
Native peoples displayed a gift for organ building and soon were building organs independently. When the Cathedral in Mexico City desired a second large instrument, in 1735, it was a Mexican, José Nassarre, who was hired to build the organ.WF
OrffyreBessler demonstrates his first
perpetual-motionwheel. He would build several, eventually developing a bidirectional version; tests and inspections would conclude the wheels were authentic. In 1727 a maid of Bessler's would claim she had been a winder for one of the wheels but she was not taken seriously. The wheels' secret essentially dies with Bessler in 1745. (One other man knew how it worked, but he died before Bessler.) BW · O (No, I don't bleeve in true perpetual-motion machines. But there are machines which tap very nonobvious and pervasive power sources. Most are rather weak; Bessler seems to have found a strong one. I have no idea how he did it without even rudimentary E&M. Maybe he was just a very very good machinist who managed to bury a clockwork that could keep an unloaded wheel running a long time. DS)
A democracy cannot exist as a permanent form of government. It can only exist until the voters discover that they can vote themselves largesse from the public treasury. From that moment on, the majority always votes for the candidates promising them the most benefits from the public treasury, with the result that a democracy always collapses over a loose fiscal policy, always followed by a dictatorship. The average age of the world's great civilizations has been 200 years. These nations have progressed through this sequence: From bondage to spiritual faith; From spiritual faith to great courage; From courage to liberty; From liberty to abundance; From abundance to selfishness; From selfishness to complacency; From complacency to apathy; From apathy to dependence; From dependence back into bondage.FOT
The poorest man may, in his cottage, bid defiance to all the forces of the Crown. It may be frail, its roof may shake; the wind may blow though it; the storm may enter; the rain may enter; but the King of England may not enter; all his force dares not cross the threshold of the ruined tenement.(Those were the days.)
AmadeusMozart may have been an even bigger plagiarist than Joh. Seb. Bach. JR
Necessity is the plea for every infringement of human freedom. It is the argument of tyrants; it is the creed of slaves.AMPP
The Constitution can be regarded as the new nation's first successful attempt to rig the rules of government and democratic participation in favor of elites…Had the delegates to the Constitutional Convention been representative of the people instead of the merchants, bankers, and plantation owners who composed it in secrecy in 1787, a much more democratic document would have emerged. In 1776, for example, backwoods farmers, laborers, artisans, and small tradesmen had taken control of Philadelphia and drafted a constitution that extended popular control to an extentbeyond any American government before or since.It created a single-house legislature and a weak executive (composed of twelve elected members of a Supreme Executive Council). Representatives had to stand for election every year before an electorate made up of anyone, propertied or not, who paid taxes. Compared to this plan, the Constitution should be regarded as a conservative, even counterrevolutionary document. TWT
Men never do evil so completely and cheerfully as when they do it from religious conviction.AMPP
The government of the US is not, in any sense, founded on the Christian religion.AMPP
Under Article VI, Clause 2, a treaty is part of the Constitution, and thus constitutional law. This treaty was written during Washington's administration, approved by the Senate under President John Adams, and signed into law in 1797. So the law explicitly states that we are not a Christian nation. FLS
Edward Jenner, a notorious fake and quack, is credited with having(Vaccination is a thing even CS&D&warn; gets wrong, claiming, for instance, `milkmaids almost invariably caught cowpox early and then never got smallpox') (I saw somewhere that the boy was repeatedly vaccinated—more proof Jenner knew `permanent immunity' to be a lie—until he dies at 20 of TB, a suspected consequence of the vaccine. The same happens to Jenner's own son.)discoveredvaccination. However, it was a practice of many ancient peoples long before his time. Savage and barbaric tribes in various parts of the world practiced inoculation even before Jenner's time. It is conjectured to have begun in India and then spread to Africa and Europe. Lady Mary Wortley Montague, wife of the British Ambassador to the Ottoman Court in 1717 introduced the practice to Europe. But, due to its proven evils, one of which was an increase in smallpox in England, the practice was abolished… W · T
Observe good faith and justice toward all nations. Cultivate peace and harmony with all…The Nation which indulges toward another an habitual hatred or an habitual fondness is in some degree a slave. It is a slave to its animosity or to its affection, either of which is sufficient to lead it astray from its duty and its interest…Tis our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances, with any portion of the foreign world. R
obviously wrong, since we haven't died off yet. I'm not sure from the Wikipedia article if he even specified a time. But I would point out that Malthus was writing just before the Industrial Revolution, where the fossil fuels create a temporary abundance of low entropy and a consequent
bloomin the human population far beyond what contemporary solar influx and geothermals could support. Ie, we've dodged Malthus' bullet only to face a Malthusian Titan missile—an extreme population overshoot with vanishing fossil fuels in a wrecked ecosphere. It's all very well for LaRouche to fantasize about technology coming to our rescue; no technology has been found or is likely to be found to safely replace our dependance on fossil fuels, and there is essentially zero hope of finding some other fuel source buried down there. Don't forget that fossil fuels were not new to the IR, but had been in use for hundreds of years. And even if fossil fuels were a novelty, it is folly to just assume something else will be found at this stage of the game.) (Then you have folk like Julian Simon,
known for his belief that resources are infinite—he wrote in 1980 that the theoretical limit to the amount of copper that might be available to human beings was. DO Yeeesh. Nevermind that the universe doesn't have weight. Nevermind only a small fraction of its mass is copper. He honestly thinks we can access all the copper in the universe!?!? Someone with this poor a grip on reality is credible?)the total weight of the universe
Consider that the economists' argument has been used before and failed. We knew in the 1950s that nuclear waste was hard stuff to deal with; but the attitude was
we'll solve that eventually.But 50 years went by and no new solution was found. All we got was kilotons of really nasty stuff and a realisation of just how deep you had to bury it. You have to put this stuff out of reach forever, in human terms. That's what the Egyptians tried to do with their kings! You're trying to go someplace noöne will ever go again—which is much harder than Star Trek. The best we can hope is that the species that succeeds us invents Geiger counters before shovels.
Whenever a man has cast a longing eye on [an office of power] a rottenness begins in his conduct.[Tuchman March of Folly 1983 p382] (In other words, noöne who wants the job is fit to have it.)
shores of Tripoliin the Marine anthem. At least part of the war was fought illegally—without Congressional authority. [Bassett Short History of the US 1929 v2 p295]
The US will perenially claim to have never started a war nor lost one. (Well, strictly, France started the war of 1812; but the US was plenty keen to expand it. And, technically, they didn't lose either; they just failed to win.)
The use of terror is deeply ingrained in our character. Back in 1818, John Quincy Adams hailed the `salutary efficacy' of terror in dealing with `mingled hordes of lawless Indians and negroes.' He wrote that to justify Andrew Jackson's rampages in Florida which virtually annihilated the native population and left the Spanish province under US control, much impressing Thomas Jefferson and others with his wisdom. WUSRW
Contrary to popular belief, the six pointed star was not even considered a Jewish symbol until the Rothschilds began using it. Prior to this, the Seal of Solomon was used by Arab Magicians, Cabalist Magicians, Druids and Satanists. However in 1822 the Rothschilds took this powerful magical symbol for their coat-of-arms. The name they adopted for their family actually comes from the fact that in the 17th century Mayer Amschel Bauer began hanging out a red hexagram in front of their house to identify it. Mayer Amschel then decided to take the name red-shield (Rothschild in German) after the red Seal of Solomon that they used.So it is perhaps no coincidence that Israel, which uses the Star of David as its national symbol, was originally founded with generous financial handouts from the House of Rothschild. [TS citing Graham Six-Pointed Star]
In 1800 Southern statesmen and preachers generally considered slavery an evil, though they knew not how to remedy it: in 1860 Southerners of both classes were found who argued that slavery was a blessing to the negro…[Bassett Short History of the US 1929 v2 p430]
Although he shared the Framers' passion for the rights of property, he did not share the admittedly subdued passion of certain Framers for the rights of the citizens. In 1833 [Supreme Justice John] Marshall proclaimed (speaking for a majority of his Court in Barron v City of baltimore) that the Bill of Rights was binding only upon the federal government and not upon the states. In order to pull off this caper, Marshall was obliged to separate the amendments from the Constitution proper so that he could then turn to Article VI, Paragraph 2, where it is written that this Constitution (pre-Bill of Rights)shall be the supreme law of the land…any thing in the Constitution or laws of any state to the contrary not withstanding.…The result of Marshall's decision was more thn a century of arbitrary harassment of individuals by sherriffs, local police, municipal and state governing bodies—to none of whom the Bill of Rights was held to apply. As for the federal government, the Supreme Court was only rarely and feebly willing to enforce the rights of citizens…the Supreme Court did not seriously begin to apply the Bill of Rights to the states until the 1930s despite the 14th Amendment (1868)… [Vidal United States 967]
The American newpaper business as we know was born [this day] when a 23-year-old publisher named Benjamin Day put out the first edition of the New York Sun. Whereas other papers sold for 5 or 6¢, the Sun cost just a penny. For revenue, Day relied on advertising rather than on subscriptions [and] sold them to newsboys in lots of 100 to hawk on the street…By 1840 the Sun and the Herald [a New York copycat] were were the country's two most popular papers. [New Yorker 2003 Jul 14 p36](What this did was make newspapers and the media to come reluctant to say bad things about their advertisers. As business/industry became increasing agglomerated, the media became less keen to tell of the creeping abuses. When it comes to news, you get what you pay for, whether a reader or an advertiser.)
[Eli] Whitney became so disgusted after his experience with the cotton-gin patents that he never again applied for a patent on any of his subsequent inventions.[Wilson American Science and Invention 1954 p49]
Samuel Colt has frequently been called the inventor of the revolver, but he wasn't—an Englishman patented a revolver 150 years before Colt was born and the Englishman was not the originator of the idea. [True 1961 Feb](Another `American' invention up the spout.)
The first salvo launched by the House of Rothschild on America was the Bank of the US. This bank was pooh-pooh'd into oblivion by Andrew Jackson in 1836 (an assassination was attempted on Jackson, but failed)…Lincoln also opposed the Rothschild banking incursions, and was successfully assassinated.AMPP
Great Panic
`We have not one particle of right to be here,' Col. Ethan Allen Hitchcock wrote of the US expansion into territories that were then part of Mexico—but were coveted by President James Polk and the slaveholders he served. The US incited Mexico, hoping to draw it into a war over disputed territory. The conflict caused massive casualties. When it was over, the US controlled all of New Mexico and California, and more of the territory of Texas. JR
bunkum,eventually reducing to
bunk,radix of
debunk.MW
In their analysis of the evolution of the media in Great Britain, James Curran and Jean Seaton describe how, in the first half of the 19th century, a radical press emerged that reached a national working-class audience. This alternative press was effective in reinforcing class consciousness: it unified the workers because it fostered an alternative value system and framework for looking at the world, and because itpromoted a greater collective confidence by repeatedly emphasizing the potential power of working people to effect social change through the force ofThis was deemed a major threat by the ruling elites. One MP asserted that the workingclass newspaperscombinationand organized action.inflame passions and awaken their selfishness, contrasting their current condition with what they contend to be their future condition-a condition incompatible with human nature, and those immutable laws which Providence has established for the regulation of civil society.The result was an attempt to squelch the working-class media by libel laws and prosecutions, by requiring an expensive security bond as a condition for publication, and by imposing various taxes designed to drive out radical media by raising their costs. These coercive efforts were not effective, and by mid-century they had been abandoned in favor of the liberal view that the market would enforce responsibility.Curran and Seaton show that the market [accomplished] what state intervention failed to do. Following the repeal of the punitive taxes on newspapers between I853 and I869, a new daily local press came into existence, but not one new local working-class daily was established through the rest of the 19th century. TWT
From the loftiest point of its roof, during precisely 3½ hours of each forenoon, floats or droops, in breeze or calm, the banner of the republic; but with the thirteen stripes turned vertically, instead of horizontally, and thus indicating that a civil, and not a military, post of Uncle Sam's government is here established. USCF · CN · DM · BHowever: there is no mention of a civil/military flag dichotomy even in original codices which
I can assure you that none of Lincoln's fellow travellers have been able to get to them to alter their contents. What Hawthorne describes is a flag of 16 vertical stripes for an overseas-trade revenue agency created in 1799. WW
When an anti-US protest stormed the American foreign ministry building in San Juan del Norte in Nicaragua, the USS Cayne sailed into the port and bombarded the city. This was one of four US interventions in the 1850s. In 1855, a US mercenary named William Walker came to Nicaragua with a band of supporters and declared himself president of the country—with crackpot plans to make Nicaragua a US state where slavery was legal. Robber baron Cornelius Vanderbilt organized a private army to force Walker to surrender. JR
The club had a number of aircraft at its disposal, including among others August Schoetler's Aero Dora, Robert Nixon's Aero Rondo and George Newell's Aero Newell.KN (I wonder if that Nixon is a relation of the infamous Californian Nixon of the next centruy.)
Actually, Lincoln's views of blacks were common to his time and place but, as he was an uncommon man, he tried to transcend them, as he did in a speech in Peoria in 1854:My first impulse,he said rather daringly for that year,would be to free all slaves and send them to Liberia.He then lists all the objections that others would later make to him. He finally throws in the towel when he asks:Free them and make them politically and socially our equals? Our own feelings would not admit of it, and if mine would, we well know that those of the great mass of whites will not.[Vidal United States p682]
It's a given that Jackson's wheel worked—at least for a while—because some of the parts are worn.JH · X · KN (Perhaps Jackson reïvented Bessler's wheel.)
I see in the near future a crisis approaching that unnerves me and causes me to tremble for the safety of my country; corporations have been enthroned, an era of corruption in High Places will follow, and the Money Power of the Country will endeavor to prolong its reign by working upon the prejudices of the People, until the wealth is aggregated in a few hands, and the Republic is destroyed. I feel at this moment more anxiety for the safety of my country than ever before, even in the midst of war.[R citing Shaw Lincoln Encyclopedia 1950 citing Hertz Abraham Lincoln: A New Portrait 1938] (Snopes blows its nose at these sources.) Some add to this quote
I have two great enemies, the southern army in front of me and the financial institutions in the rear. Of the two, the one in my rear is the greatest foe.CFO · GPDE
In God we Trustfor all Au and Ag coins with sufficient space. UST
The importance of the Civil War for America's elite structure was the commanding position that the new industrial capitalists won during the course of the struggle…The economic transformation of the US from an agricultural to an industrial nation reached the crescendo of a revolution in the second half of the 19th century.(Thus the Civil War is the true origin of Eisenhower's military-industrial complex.) (I've read that whatever formality it is that officially ends a civil war is never undertaken, thus the war has never actually ended and this is why the US military flag flies on most staves to our own day, and is indeed the only US flag most people know. OLL)Civil War profits compounded the capital of the industrialists and placed them in a position to dominate the economic life of the nation. Moreover, when the Southern planters were removed from the national scene, the government in Washington became the exclusive domain of the new industrial leaders. [S quoting Dye & Zeigler The Irony of Democracy]
That fearful (smallpox) mortality destroyed the faith of Leicester in vaccination. Poor and rich alike, the workers and even the municipal authorities began to refuse vaccination for their children. This refusal continued till, in 1890, instead of 95% the vaccinations reached only 5% of the births! As this ominous decrease of vaccination went on the doctors again and again prophesied against it, that once smallpox was introduced it would run through the town like wildfire and decimate the population. Yet it has been introduced again and again, but it has never spread; and from that day to this no town in the kingdom of approximately equal population has had such a very low smallpox mortality as this almost completely unvaccinated and—as the doctors say—unprotected population! [W quoting A. R. Wallace, Nat'l Antivaccination League 1904]
Inasmuch as the [US] Constitution was never signed, nor agreed to, by anybody, as a contract, and therefore never bound anybody, and is now binding upon nobody; and is, moreover, such an one as no people can ever hereafter be expected to consent to, except as they may be forced to do so at the point of the bayonet, it is perhaps of no importance what its true legal meaning, as a contract, is. Nevertheless, the writer thinks it proper to say that, in his opinion, the Constitution is no such instrument as it has generally been assumed to be; but that by false interpretations, and naked usurpations, the government has been made in practice a very widely, and almost wholly, different thing from what the Constitution itself purports to authorize…But whether the Constitution really be one thing, or another, this much is certain—that it has either authorized such a government as we have had, or has been powerless to prevent it. In either case, it is unfit to exist. TMH
In the US prior to Vatican I there was in print the Rev Stephen Keenan's very popular Controversial Catechism. It bore the imprimatur of Archbishop Hughes of NY. Here is one extract.Question: Must not Catholics believe the pope himself to be infallible? Answer: This is a Protestant invention, it is no article of Catholic faith; no decision of his can bind on pain of heresy, unless it be received and enforced by the teaching body, that is, the bishops of the church.It was somewhat embarassing when, in 1870, aProtestant inventionbecame defined Catholic faith. The next edition of the Catechism omitted this question and answer without a word of explanation.[Papal infallibiliy cemented the 1854 invention of Mary's immaculate conception, which in turn destroyed all hope for papal sanity on birth control. Fortunately ex cathedra was and is very rarely invoked; in the next 100 years only another great Marian flummery, 1950's Assumption, will have this weight. On the other hand, no list of pre-VI ex-cathedra dictats has been presented.]
[In the same year an invasion of Italy liberated the peoples of the Papal Sates and closed the Inquisition's last remaining torture chambers.] [de Rosa Vicars of Christ 1989 p339–52]
The governments of the present day have to deal not merely with other governments, with emperors, kings and ministers, but also with the secret societies which have everywhere their unscrupulous agents, and can at the last moment upset all the governments' plans.GO · AMPP
the son of a salesmanS (Yeah, right.)
born in straitened circumstances in 1877, the son of a Danish baroness and a German schoolteacherBW (
Schoolteacher?) father William Leonhard Ludwig Maximillian Schacht FH
Hjalmar was born in Germany rather than New York only by the accident of his mother's illness, which required the family to return to Germany. Brother William Schacht was an American-born citizen. To record his American origins, Hjalmar's middle names were designatedHorace Greeleyafter the well-know Democrat politician. WS&RHThe families of both of my parents have lived for centuries in Schleswig Holstein, which until 1864 belonged to Denmark. My parents were both born as Danish citizens. After the annexation by Germany my father emigrated to the US, to which country three of his older brothers had already emigrated, and he became an American citizen. My two brothers, who were older than I, were born there. Later, my mother's health prompted my father's return to Germany.N- 1878: Posse Comitatus is enacted, a slight backslide for the power elite. FM
- 1878 Apr 29: Federal Quarantine Act is passed. Some theoreticians will begin the story of AIDS here. APFN
- 1879: Englishman Joseph Swan makes first electric incandescent lamps—two years before Edison. (Americans love to claim they invented everything.) To settle their patent disputes they set up the Edison & Swan United Electric Light Co Ltd in 1883. [LTCRolt Victorian Engineering Pelican 1974 p 223–4] (Actually, checking CS&D&warn;, Swan and Edison may have accomplished this essentially simultaneously. In any case, we would have light bulbs without Edison.)
- 1879: Manigault, The United States Unmasked
so bitter toward the Union that he couldn't get a publisher in the US.TMH- John D. Rockefeller founds Standard Oil (Esso) and will become the wealthiest man in the world. MVT
- Mark Twain: `Do not fear the enemy, for your enemy can only take your life. It is far better that you fear the media, for they will steal your honor. That awful power, the public opinion of a nation, is created in America by a horde of ignorant, self-complacent simpletons who failed at ditching and shoemaking and fetched up in journalism on their way to the poorhouse.' WRH
- Twain:
The citizen who sees his society's democratic clothes being worn out and does not cry out, is not a patriot, but a traitor.C- 1880 Mar 26: Chinese dirigible over New Mexico? SG [KN citing Fate 1973 May, Bullard Mysteries in the Eye of the Beholder 1982 p205]
- 1881 Mar 4: After several laudatory referrals to the Constitution (which prohibits the Fed's practices), Garfield's inaugural address contains
The chief duty of the National Government in connection with the currency of the country is to coin money and declare its value. Grave doubts have been entertained whether Congress is authorized by the Constitution to make any form of paper money legal tender. The present issue of US notes has been sustained by the necessities of war; but such paper should depend for its value and currency upon its convenience in use and its prompt redemption in coin at the will of the holder, and not upon its compulsory circulation. These notes are not money, but promises to pay money. If the holders demand it, the promise should be kept.What was that position?The refunding of the national debt at a lower rate of interest should be accomplished without compelling the withdrawal of the national-bank notes, and thus disturbing the business of the country.
I venture to refer to the position I have occupied on financial questions during a long service in Congress, and to say that time and experience have strengthened the opinions I have so often expressed on these subjects. Y
He favored a policy ofEhard money,the principle that all paper money issued by the government should be secured by gold or silver.During Garfield's congressional terms, debates raged between legislators who demanded that all US money be backed by gold and theIn four months, Garfield is shot by aSilveritesandGreenbackers,who wanted to issue paper currency and coin silver more freely…Garfield advocated hard-money policies backed by gold… APlone nut. The doctors procede to torture Garfield to death, finishing the job on Sep 19. Within a quarter century theraging debatewill end in the entrenchment of hot-air money. Kennedy will be the first president to try to repair the mess with a silver-backed note; he and his note die soon after at the hands ofa lone nut.Lincoln is supposed to have been killed by alone nutshortly after similar machinations. (Look what happened to Jesus within days of interfering with the money-changers! Not that all thelone nutswork for the bankers—Hinckley's motives had nothing to do with banking.)- 1881 Jul 2: James Garfield shot after four months in office by a syphilis-crazed assassin who supposedly intends to become `ruler of the world.' Overcautious doctors decide that the best thing is to let him lie in bed, week after grueling blast-furnace Washington-swamp summer week, and do nothing but probe the wound with unwashed fingers and apply whiskey enemas. After eleven weeks of utterly unnecessary suffering Garfield dies an utterly unnecessary death. Congress witholds some of the doctors' fees. RD (Doubtless the bankers paid the shortfall.)
- 1881: Smallpox considered a lesser disease than measles.
So far as we are concerned in Leicester, a town containing 120,000 inhabitants, with many thousands of unvaccinated children, smallpox seems to be about the least dangerous of all diseases, and is not to be named by the side of scarlet fever, measles, whooping cough, diarrhoea, or even consumption. If a case of smallpox is discovered, instant isolation is adopted, and during the last five years we have hardly had five deaths. That being the state of the case, one need not wonder that the fear of the disease should disappear, or that resistance to vaccination should increase. [W quoting Leicester Free Press; see 1867]- 1883 Apr 12: John Swinton, editor of the NY Tribune:
There is no such thing in America as an independent press, unless it is in the country towns. You know it and I know it. There is not one of you who dares to writes [sic] his honest opinions, and if you did you know beforehand that it would never appear in print. I am paid one hundred and fifty dollars a week for keeping my honest opinions out of the paper I am connected with—others of you are paid similar salaries for similar things—and any of you who would be so foolish as to write his honest opinions would be out on the streets looking for another job. The business of the New York journalist is to destroy the truth, to lie outright, to pervert, to vilify, to fawn at the feet of Mammon, and to sell his race and his country for his daily bread. You know this and I know it, and what folly is this to be toasting anIndependent Press.We are the tools and vassals of rich men behind the scenes. We are the jumping-jacks; they pull the strings and we dance. Our talents, our possibilities and our lives are all the property of other men. We are intellectual prostitutes. (DCD citing Sinclair's Brass Cheque of 1919 and RT)- 1885: Earliest appearance of the flag of Zion, later adopted as flag of Israel. [J citing Encyclopedia Judaica] Some claim David Wolffsohn (re)designed the flag c1897; others claim it was Maishel Arriz aka Morris Harris. BAC
- 1886:
US Supreme Court does not grant corporations the status of persons under the law, despite what's generally believed esp in law schools. Which makes the whole present mess AB even more tragicomic.
The Court, the textbooks say, in Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad, recognized corporations as persons under the 14th Amendment, and thus handed them the huge club of human rights that our Founders had given us humans to beat back government should it ever become repressive. Armed with this mighty weapon, corporations claimed free speech, privacy, the right not to speak, and used anti-discrimination statutes originally passed to free slaves to throw outbad boylaws that favored local businesses over large corporations or companies that had been convicted of felonies.I recently discovered…
corporations are personswas a fiction created by the Court's reporter. He simply wrote it into the headnote of the decision. In fact, it contradicts what the Court itself said. And we've found in the National Archives a note in the hand of the Supreme Court Chief Justice of the time to the court's reporter saying, explicitly, that the Court had not ruled on corporate personhood in the Santa Clara case. [TH author of Unequal Protection: the rise of corporate dominance and theft of human rights] PC- 1887 Aug: Founding of the Laboratory of Hygiene, forerunner of NIH, by Dr. Joseph J. Kinyoun,
a deep-rooted racist who served the eugenics movement with dedication.BG- The Washington Monument is capped with a little pyramid of aluminum, at this time more valuable than the platinum of which its guard of lightning-rods is made. Because, although Al is the most abundant metallic element on Earth's surface, the bauxite smelting process uses much electricity. The price of Al remains tied to the price of electricity through the next century; Al is cheap only because and so long as electricity is cheap. (Actually I may have gotten that slightly wrong; the electric process may have been unknown at this time. Check CS&D&warn;) Ditto U processing, which is why the Oak Ridge and Hanford plants will get the locations they do. (Possibly ditto ID Falls, but I don't know enough about ID Falls.)
- 1889: Brit John Dunlop invents the rubber pneumatic tyre. CS&D&warn;
- 1889: Collapse of large earth dam, South Fork PA. Bodies would end up as far as Cincinatti OH.
- 1891 Feb 5: Cecil Rhodes, William T. Stead, and Reginald Baliol Brett engage in an `earnest conversation' in London. `From that conversation were to flow consequences of the greatest importance to the British Empire and to the world as a whole. For these men were organizing a secret society that was, for more than 50 years, to be one of the most important forces in the formulation and execution of British imperial and foreign policy…sought to unite the world, and above all the English-speaking world, in a federal structure around Britain.' BI citing Quigley The Anglo-American Establishment and CH] (I suppose we're meant to link this group to the installation of T. Roosevelt, who would flipflop US foreign policy to anglophilic.)
- Baptist minister Frances Bellamy composes the Pledge of Allegiance. It does not include
under God.- 1893: US `strengthened the Federal Quarantine Act and suddenly there was an explosion of polio.' BG
- 1893 Jan 16–17: US overthrow of Hawai'ian gov't. CP · WRH
- 1894 Jul 4: Sanford Dole (of the tinned fruit) declares himself president of the republic of Hawai'i. W
- 1894 Dec 22: Alfred Dreyfuss, French army officer, convicted of selling military secrets to the Germans; sets off a wave of antijudaism in France. [ACS&D]
- 1895 Nov 23: Wilhelm Röntgen stumbles onto
X rays. Exuberant human application of the new diagnostic technique leads within a year to cause for pause:D. W. Gage of McCook, Nebraska, writing in New York's Medical Record, noted cases of hair loss, reddened skin, skin sloughing off, and lesions.Yet refinements in the technology tended toward increasing the dose. KOOI wish to suggest that more be understood regarding the action of the x rays before the general practitioner adopts them in his daily work,Gage warned.- 1896: Churchill, to mother: `[India is] a godless land of snobs and bores.' G
- 1896:
The roots of 20th Century American politics can best be illustrated by the 1896 Presidential Election, won by Republican William McKinley by a landslide. The McKinley campaign was directed by Marcus Alonzo Hanna of Standard Oil and raised a $16,000,000 campaign fund from wealthy fellow industrialists, (an amount that was unmatched in Presidential campaigns until the 1960s). The major theme of the campaign, and one that would echo far into the future, wasThiswhat's good for business is good for the country.Sthemeis better known asfascism, so far as I've been able to understand the word.- 1896 Nov: Great Airship Flap. BL · UM
On November 1, 1896, the Detroit Free Press reported that in the near future a New York inventor would construct and fly anaerial torpedo boat.And on November 17 the Sacramento Bee reprinted a telegram the newspaper had received from a New York man who said he and some friends would board an airship of his invention and fly it to California. The trip, he said, would take no more than two days. That very night all hell broke loose and the Great Airship Scare of 1896-97 was off and running. The next day the Bee led off a long article with this paragraph:Last evening between the hours of six and seven o'clock, in the year of our Lord eighteen hudred and ninety-six, a most startling exhibition was seen in the sky in this city of Sacramento.People standing on the sidewalks at certain points in the city between the hours stated, saw coming through the sky over the housetops, what appeared to them to be merely an electric arc lamp propelled by some mysterious force. It came out of the east and sailed unevenly toward the southwest, dropping now nearer to the earth, and now suddenly rising into the air again as if the force that was whirling it through space was sensible of the dangers of collision with objects upon the earth…
Hundreds of persons saw it. Those who got the closest look said the object was huge and cigar-shaped and had four large wings attached to an aluminum body. Some insisted they heard voices and raucous laughter emanating from the ship. KN
What was the cause of the airship fever that began in western Canada and northern California in late 1896?…It is well known that war hysteria can lead people to believe all sorts of things. Just such hysteria afflicted the people of late 1896, barely two years before the US became involved in the Spanish-American War…(So, the thing didn't exist even if hundreds saw it, including a fmr State Att'y Gen'l? (Oop—Hart later denied he'd ever actually seen the thing. SG Of course, the SkyGaze page seems to be skeptical of sightings in 1946, 1952, 1967, as if Hindenburg had been a hoax.) On the other hand, endorsement by Att'y Gen'l John Asscruft would be a good reason not to believe in a thing.)Cuba and the airships were connected in many people's minds. Consider, for example, the page one headline from the San Francisco Call of November 25, 1896:
Mission of the Aerial Ship-Will Probably Be Used to Destroy the City of Havana.The article that followed reported that William Henry Harrison Hart, former attorney general of California, had taken over representing the airship inventor from attorney GeorgeAirshipCollins, or so claimed Hart…A headline in the rival Examiner the same day read:
General Hart Advises That the Ship be Sold for Millions to Cuba and Used to Destroy Havana.SAAThe first successful flights of S.P. Langley's flying machines were made in 1896 the first year of the Great Airship Scare and by 1900 numerous patents for airships had been registered. In 1900 Count von Zeppelin's dirigible balloon, powered by an internal combustion engine and propellers, became the first real directed flight by man…NMN- 1897 April: Spate of UFO sightings? Apr 12, Green Ridge IL; 14, Gas City IN; 15, Springfield IL; 22, Rockland TX; 25, Merkel TX G
- 1898: Market driven by Dunlop's invention leads to founding of Goodyear Tire & Rubber, named after the poor sod who made rubber useful (1839). MIT · RD
- 1898: US has demonstrated, in cattle and tobacco, the ability to cause epidemics with mycoplasmas. BG
- 1898: Struggling author Morgan Robertson writes Futility, aka Wreck of the Titan. The novel features `a large and luxurious steamship with four funnels plowing at top speed, oblivious to all, striking an iceberg with a fatal glancing blow to her starboard bow, sending nearly all aboard to their graves at the bottom of the icy Atlantic.' IR On 1912 Apr 14 Titanic will fulfill the prophecy.
- 1898 Feb 15: USS Maine deliberately [actually I'm no longer so sure it was deliberate or a well-exploited accident] sunk in Havana to coin the consent-manufacturing rally-cry for the war with the Spanish `Remember the Maine.' CoT (`How can I forget it?' BC&SK) It also generated support for an interoceanic canal: `The 1898 war demonstrated a military weakness when the US had to quickly dispatch the battleship Oregon to Cuba after the USS Maine was blown up in Havana Harbor.…67 days after leaving the West Coast, she was spotted off the coast of Florida, arriving just in time to play a role in the crucial Battle of Santiago Bay. Those 67 days emphasized the growing need for a so-called path between the seas.' UCG (I wonder if that Battle was postponed for the tardy Oregon? I wonder how many such ships the US had, and if indeed there was only Maine on the Atlantic, why that just happened to be so?) (This pg says 1898 and `spontaneous combustion in one of its magazines'. It was supposed to be about protecting the Cubans from Spain. Suddenly the US has colonies of its own, which brings about a great deal of criticism from anti-imperialists. McKinley had to find some way, some moral argument, to justify to the public why the US had taken foreign territories. The Supreme Court decided that the Constitution need not apply equally to the populations of the territories. The US could withhold certain rights from the Filipinos, the Hawai'ians, and the Puerto Ricans. In the aftermath of the Spanish-American War, manifest destiny meant to some that not even Americans themselves could stand in the way of America's growing power and influence throughout the world. It was not only America's destiny, but its duty to expand its power and moral authority.)
- 1898 Apr 1: William James Sidis born. He would graduate Harvard cum laude at 16 with a thesis predicting black holes and antimatter. The press would speculate why he has no girlfriend. RD [see Amy Wallace The Prodigy&warn;] Q
- 1898 Nov: William James (godfather to W. J. Sidis) and other prominent US intellectuals form the Anti-Imperialist League to educate the public on the horrors of US policy in the Philippines. Despite the group's efforts, however, there is no great public outcry, and US destruction and domination of the Philippines continues. DB · [BDN quoting Jim Zwick in Proceedings of the 1994 Maxwell Colloquium]
- 1899: To crimp German and Russian imperialist ambitions, and the Berlin–Baghdad railway in particular, the British empire writes `Kuwait' on a map and makes a squiggle around it. [Finding this in the Encyclopædia Britannica at the time of the Gulf War was one of my first epiphanies about mideast politics. Actually it looks like Kuwait had an anteAnglian existence but I hate to break the pattern just yet.] DEO · XX · WSM · PDF · XX
- The Curies die of previously unknown maladies probably caused by their research into radioactivity.
- The Nazis recognise the links between, for instance, uranium mining and lung cancer, and introduce unprecedented workplace health-and-safety standards. [Proctor, `Bitter Pill' Sciences, NY Academy of Sciences, 1999 May–Jun] The Rockefellers, meanwhile, can order publicly-funded police forces to crack the skulls of workers wanting similar things in America. [Shortly after 9/11 some US muckamuck will make an outburst about `they hate us because we care so much about the individual.' Yeah. US unionisation remains `barely above the average of developing countries.' LS]
- 1899–1901:
Immediately after the war with Spain, the US military went into the Philippines to smash a movement for independence. The war claimed hundreds of thousands of Filipino lives, with US troops committing numerous mass slaughters. `I wish you to kill and burn; the more you kill and burn the better you please me,' Gen. `Howling' Jake Smith told his soldiers. JR- 1899–1903: The US `liberates' the Phillipines from the Spanish empire to annex it to its own. About 200000 `over the age of ten' are liberated of life in the process. The `murderous butchery' appalls even the British. CoT · PAW Woodrow Wilson adds a garnish of mustard gas. AMR (consolidate w/ prev record)
- Mark Twain: `Noise proves nothing. Often the hen who has merely laid an egg cackles as if she had laid an asteroid.' GM
- Woodrow Wilson: `We have come to be one of the worst ruled, one of the most completely controlled and dominated Governments in the world—no longer a Government of free opinion, no longer a Government by conviction and vote of the majority, but a Government by the opinion and duress of small groups of dominant men.' TT
- During a Veterans Day parade in Centralia WA, members of the American Legion, siding with the timber barons, break ranks and storm the `Wobblies' hall (Industrial Workers of the World). The Wobs kill several of their attackers. Wesley Everest, a Wobbly who was also a veteran, is the only one to escape. He kills a pursuer before being overpowered by a mob, beaten senseless, and thrown into a corridor of the jail. That night another mob cuts the power, storms the jail, drags Everest to a nearby bridge, and hang him. No one is ever tried for the lynching. The Wobs who defended themselves are sentenced to lengthy prison terms. RD
- Dr. Charles A. R. Campbell conducts a daring but relatively convincing set of experiments proving variola (smallpox) is communicated only by bedbugs in filthy surroundings. R (Others suggest it's actually a reaction to eating animal products. W · T)
- While touring with Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show, Sitting Bull gave away most of his money to poor kids. He could never understand Americans' treatment of their poor. He once told Annie Oakley,
The white man knows how to make everything, but he does not know how to distribute it.[W citing Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee p402]- T. A. Edison:
5% of the people think. 10% of the people think they think. The other 85% would rather die than think.GM (And they often do.)- Charles Austin Beard:
You need only reflect that one of the best ways to get yourself a reputation as a dangerous citizen these days is to go about repeating the very phrases which our founding fathers used in the great struggle for independence.AMPP- Hermann Hesse:
The greatest threat to our world and its peace comes from those who want war, who prepare for it, and who, by holding out vague promises of future peace or by instilling fear of foreign aggression, try to make us accomplices to their plans.- Henry Ford:
Do you want to know the cause of war? It is capitalism, greed, the dirty hunger for dollars. Take away the capitalist and you will sweep war from the earth.DC- W'm
Buffalo BillCody:I never led an expedition against the Indians but I was ashamed of myself, ashamed of my government, and ashamed of my flag; for they were always in the right and we were always in the wrong. They never broke a treaty, and we never kept one.AOS- Kipling:
Now it is not good for the Christian's health to hustle the Aryan brown,
For the Christian riles, and the Aryan smiles and he weareth the Christian down;
And the end of the fight is a tombstone white with the name of the late deceased,
And the epitaph drear:A Fool lies here who tried to hustle the East.- 1901: Dr. Matthew J. Rodermund tries rather hard to infect himself and everyone around him with smallpox, offers a reward to anyone who can trace a case back to his actions. The money is never collected. W (All the Web's mention of this—except mine—seems to be the same text over and over.)
- 1901 Aug 18: Article in Bridgeport Sunday Herald by Dick Howell that he had witnessed a powered flight by Gustav Weisskopf aka Gustave Whitehead. CTH
- 1901 Sep 6: McKinley assasinated and power shifted to Roosevelt. AC · R
- 1902: `Station for Experimental Evolution' set up, identifies diseases of an ethnic nature. BG
- 1902: Nathan Stubblefield, Murray KY melon farmer, invents the wireless telephone (ground conduction, not radio, as Stubblefield himself admits). His Wall-St. partners plunder his R&D and leave him bankrupt. Before starving to death he destroys every prototype and delays the mobile phone several decades. RD · NS His real discovery (or rediscovery) may have been a vaccuum-energy tap: he starved, not froze, to death in March, his cabin toasty warm with no fire, but two facing polished metal plates. JB
- 1902 Mar 31: Possible first powered flight by Richard Pearse in New Zealand. 1903 is a more likely year, though still ahead of the Wright brothers'. Even if it was actually 1904, as long thought, Pearse's craft was indisputably more advanced than the Wrights'.
- 1902 Apr: Mindful of US butchery in the Philipines, Mark Twain suggests the Stars-n-Stripes be replaced by the Skull-n-Crossbones; it would be `truth in advertising.'
We have pacified some thousands of the islanders and buried them; destroyed their fields; burned their villages, and turned their widows and orphans out-of-doors; furnished heartbreak by exile to some dozens of disagreeable patriots; subjugated the remaining ten millions by Benevolent Assimilation, which is the pious new name of the musket; we have acquired property in the three hundred concubines and other slaves of our business partner, the Sultan of Sulu, and hoisted our protecting flag over that swag. ¶ And so, by these Providences of God—and the phrase is the government's, not mine—we are a World Power. CoT [BDN citing Albert Bigelow Paine, Mark Twain: A Biography perhaps quoting the `Public Domain' version.]- 1902: US mandates vaccination. DW
- 1902 May 20: US grants Cuba `independance.' [CNN 2002 May 20]
- 1902 Jul 4:
The Philippine-American War, which officially ended on July 4, 1902, but actually dragged on for many years in some islands, cost the lives of more than 4000 US troops, more than 20,000 Filipino fighters, and more than 220,000 Filipino civilians, many of whom perished in concentration camps eerily similar to the relocation camps into which US forces herded Vietnamese peasants some 60 years later. II- 1903: Since independance (1821), Panama has been trying to wrest itself from Colombia. In one 57-year period were 53 Panamanian revolts. Yet this year, the Panamanians have a next-to-bloodless revolt and succeed…because, this time, the US is on their side instead of Colombia's; and that's because the US has been having trouble getting a favourable treaty from Colombia enabling construction of an interoceanic canal. CZ
- 1903: Konstantin Tsiolkovsky lays the theoretical foundations of rocketry. CS&D&warn; (A first-season ST:TNG episode names a ship for him. I wouldn't be surprised if the destruction of said ship is some veiled antiRussianism.)
- 1903: Olinto de Pretto publishes E=mc² in Atte, a couple of years before Einstein derives it by different means (but likely with the knowledge it was there). [JR qoting G]
- 1903 Aug 18: Karl Jatho flies in motorised glider.
- 1903 Dec 13: Orville Wright makes first powered flight in a heavier-than-air craft. (As far as Americans are concerned, this is the beginning of aircraft. But Lilienthal flew a glider in 1891; and Samuel Langley had been trying to put an engine on a glider since 1897. The Wrights just happened to beat him to a good enough glider and an engine with enough power:weight ratio.) CS&D&warn; (PS: I found the Wrights get valid credit for control surfaces, though.)
- 1904: US induces equine mycoplasmic epidemic. BG
- 1905: Without Congressional approval, Roosevelt forces the Dominican Republic to accept the appointment of a US `economic advisor' who quickly becomes the financial director of the small state. EB
- 1906–9: Charles Joseph Bonaparte, close cousin of the famous Napoleon, US Attorney General and first head of what becomes the FBI. W · GBUB Urged the Post Office to block
anarchist literatureand prosecute its purveyors.It is rather curious that the Italian-American Bonaparte…was unable to verify the Italian-to-English translation he had of the inflammatory text which supposedly motivated this submission in the first place.TMH- 1906 Oct 23: Brazil claims their Alberto Santos Dumont was the first to fly a powered glider. They ignore the ones that came before Wright and claim the Wrights only glided in 1903. TFTF
- 1907: Central American Court of Justice is established by Washington's initiative to adjudicate conflicts among the states of the region. [Chomsky Reader p 125 citing Inevitable Revolutions&warn;]
- Peter L. Robertson (Canadian) patents his square-recess screw head. [Lee Valley Catalogue] Ford gives them a try, they save about 2½ hrs on each vehicle. But Roberston refuses to license Ford to make them himself and Ford refuses to use anything he isn't making himself. c1940 a man named Henry Philips bought a patent and modified it slightly. His `vastly inferior' head design eventually comes to dominate. `Americans wouldn't use it because they didn't invent it.' [C'd'n History Channel] (`Vastly inferior' were the program's words, but I happen to share the opinion. When I buy hardware with Philips screws included, I throw them away and use a real screw. Robertson's. Philips screws are good for only one thing: drywall. There the tendency to cam out becomes an advantage.) (I've seen mention of a Wall Street Journal article, Rich Hersch, "Phillips Screws - Fasteners from Hell?" ... supposedly that popping-out thingy is a deiberate feature. IAC)
- 1907: England rediscovers that compulsory vaccination increases the smallpox death rate ±20× and does away with it. DW (US persists.)
- 1907 Dec 25:
First `Aryan' use of a swastika, an ancient good-fortune symbol, by the `Order of the New Templars' over Werfenstein Castle.
- W'm Howard Taft, son of Alphonso Taft, is the only man (as of 2002) to be both President and Chief Justice. BI `William Howard Taft (Republican [and Skull & Bonesman GBUB]), a one-termer of no noticeable accomplishment…humiliated in his attempt for a second term by the worst defeat ever handed an incumbent.' AC
- 1908 Jun 13: Musical prodigy/
idiot-savantThomas Bethune aka Thomas Wiggins aka Blind Tom, described by Twain asan archangel cast from heaven,dies. It's generally agreed he was the US' last legal slave, but it seems disputed whether he had ever been emancipated. (He was TQ) (He wasn't ALTV)- 1909: PA bans use of F compounds in food and water. F
- 1909:
The case involved Charles Moyer, president of the Western Federation of Miners, a feisty Colorado trade union that fought for such radical reforms as safe working conditions, an end to child labor, and payment in money rather than in company scrip. As part of a concerted effort to crush the union, the governor of Colorado had declared a state of insurrection, called out the state militia, and detained Moyer for 2½ months without probable cause or due process of law.This case is used in 2002 to justify locking up Padilla without charges. CP- 1910: US induces avian mycoplasmic epidemic. BG
- 1910: Churchill proposes sterilisation for 100000 `mental degenerates' and labour camps for tens of thousands more, to save the `British race' from the decline inevitable from letting `inferior' members breed. [Y501 citing Clive Ponting(?)] Churchill, to Asquith: `The unnatural and increasingly rapid growth of the feeble-minded and insane classes, coupled as it is with a steady restriction among all the thrifty, energetic and superior stocks, constitutes a national and race danger which it is impossible to exaggerate…I feel that the source from which the stream of madness is fed should be cut off and sealed up before another year has passed.' G
Also, he sends police and soldiers against striking miners in Tonypandy, killing two. And oppresses suffragettes. `If we allow women to vote it will mean the loss of social structure and the rise of every liberal cause under the sun. Women are well represented by their fathers, brothers and husbands.' I
- 1912: Central American Court of Justice (see 1907) condemns US military intervention in Nicaragua; Washington thumbs its nose. [Chomsky Reader p 125 citing Inevitable Revolutions&warn;]
- 1912 Apr 14: Titanic glances an iceberg. Thanks somewhat to poor materials (sulphur inclusions in the steel made it especially brittle), inexperience both in design and operation, and corner-cutting (too few lifeboats, and watertight divisions that only went partway up unlike, say, Great Eastern of 50 years ago) she goes to the bottom and over half those aboard die. Had the water not been dead calm it might've been worse.
- 1913: Royal Commission in accord with Churchill's Iraq policy: `We must become the owners, or at any rate the controllers at the source, of at least a proportion of the oil which we require.' TT
- 1913: Woodrow Wilson The New Freedom:
Since I entered politics, I have chiefly had men's views confided to me privately. Some of the biggest men in the US, in the Field of commerce and manufacture, are afraid of something. They know that there is a power somewhere so organized, so subtle, so watchful, so interlocked, so complete, so pervasive, that they better not speak above their breath when they speak in condemnation of it. AMPP · GO- 1913: B'nai B'rith founds Anti-Defamation League. ADV
- 1913: Leo Frank manages a pencil factory in Atlanta GA. One of the young girls who works for him is murdered in the plant. The police, the press, and the public all want Frank guilty; mobs crowd at the courtroom windows chanting `Hang the Jew or we'll hang you!' (The girl was a Xian.) Contrary to evidence Frank is condemned; Gov. Slaton commutes to life. Slaton is surrounded at home by a lynch mob; the National Guard intervenes. Another mob break into Frank's jail, drive him halfway across the state, and hang him. Postcards of the dangling corpse sell in GA drugstores for years. RD (Find comment in Frazier's stuff about framed photos of Suthn lynchings.)
- 1913 Jun 13:
Lynching of Benni Simmons, Anadarko OK. The postcard(!) captures him dangling, alive, soaked in coal oil, just before being set alight. (Click for the exhibit of more than 80 authentic American Lynching postcards.)
- 1913 Feb 3: Alleged date of ratification of the
income tax amendment, #16. OI · LTNW- 1913 Dec 23: Federal Reserve Act goes into law. From now on `US currency' is notes representing debt to a mostly foreign-owned bank. BI (Somewhere I've read this is contrary to the Constitution, which permitted only coins of precious metals as US currency.) Rep. Lindbergh comments
From now on depressions will be scientifically created.AMPP- Woodrow Wilson:
I am a most unhappy man. I have unwittingly ruined my country. A great industrial nation is controlled by its system of credit. Our system of credit is concentrated. The growth of the nation, therefore, and all our activities are in the hands of a few men. We have come to be one of the worst ruled, one of the most completely controlled and dominated Governments in the civilized world—no longer a Government by free opinion, no longer a Government by conviction and the vote of the majority, but a Government by the opinion and duress of a small group of dominant men. AMPP- 1914 Jun 28: Serbia's Black Hand assassinates heir to Austro-Hungarian throne Archduke Franz Ferdinand. Austro-Hungaria makes certain demands on Serbia which impinge the latter's sovereignty. WW1
- 1914 Jul 28: Serbia's quibbling over a couple clauses in Austria-Hungary's ultimatum cues the latter to declare war on the former. Russia, bound by treaty to Serbia, mobilises. Germany, entreatied to Austria-Hungary, declares on Russia. France, entreatied to Russia, declares on Germany. Germany invades Belgium as a shortcut to Paris. Britain, entreatied to both France and Belgium, declares on Germany; Britain's colonies dragged along. Japan, entreatied to Britain, declares on Germany. Austria-Hungary declares on Japan.
It's clear…the alliance system was as much at fault as anything in bringing about the scale of the conflict. What was intended as a strictly limited war—a brief war—between accuser and accused, Austria-Hungary and Serbia, rapidly escalated into something that was beyond the expectations of even the most warlike ministers.The US stays out for a few years, probably smelling profits. WW1 (And for some reason, in the end, Germany gets all the blame. Possibly because Austria-Hungary no longer existed…)- 1914 Dec 25: About 2/3 of the troops of the western front see through the baby-roaster stories told about the enemy and declare a Christmas truce, much to the annoyance of command. (But if they went ahead and shot 2/3 of the army for fraternising with the enemy, that'd end the war…which distressed command even more.)
- 1915 Apr 15: Edith Cavell has an editorial in London Nursing Mirror complaining that the Belgian Relief is going to the German Army. Before six months pass she's executed by the Germans on a charge they usually punish with a few months in prison. SFR (Mullins asserts the British were upset Cavell would expose the `Belgian Relief' as thier supply line to Germeny, and had the Germans shoot her. This made her a martyr and fueled antiGerman sentiment, also helpful in protracting the war.)
- 1915 Apr 22: First gas attack of WWI, chlorine, by Germans, northeast of Ypres. Gas was banned by the Hague conventions of 1899 and 1907. Germany was a signator; the US was not, saying it would not outlaw something which might hasten the end of a war. The wife of the inventor, Fritz Haber, shoots herself in regret. [Turning Points of History, C'd'n History Channel]
- 1915 May 13: Bryce report, a bogus investigation into fictitious claims of German war atrocities, no more than mind trash to get people to go fight the Hun. HNN
- 1916: Central American Court of Justice (see 1907) upholds Costa Rica's claim that US action in Nicaragua inringed its rights; Washington thumbs its nose (see 1912). [Chomsky Reader p 125 citing Inevitable Revolutions&warn;]
I did not like to hear our race called sheep, and said I did not think they were.
Still, it is true, lamb,said Satan.Look at you in war—what mutton you are, and how ridiculous!
In war? How?
There has never been a just one, never an honorable one—on the part of the instigator of the war. I can see a million years ahead, and this rule will never change in so many as half a dozen instances. The loud little handful—as usual—will shout for the war. The pulpit will—warily and cautiously—object—at first; the great, big, dull bulk of the nation will rub its sleepy eyes and try to make out why there should be a war, and will say, earnestly and indignantly,. [Mysterious Stranger, 1916]It is unjust and dishonorable, and there is no necessity for it.Then the handful will shout louder. A few fair men on the other side will argue and reason against the war with speech and pen, and at first will have a hearing and be applauded; but it will not last long; those others will outshout them, and presently the anti-war audiences will thin out and lose popularity. Before long you will see this curious thing: the speakers stoned from the platform, and free speech strangled by hordes of furious men who in their secret hearts are still at one with those stoned speakers—as earlier—but do not dare to say so. And now the whole nation—pulpit and all—will take up the war-cry, and shout itself hoarse, and mob any honest man who ventures to open his mouth; and presently such mouths will cease to open. Next the statesmen will invent cheap lies, putting the blame upon the nation that is attacked, and every man will be glad of those conscience-soothing falsities, and will diligently study them, and refuse to examine any refutations of them; and thus he will by and by convince himself that the war is just, and will thank God for the better sleep he enjoys after this process of grotesque self-deception.- 1916: Poncho Villa attacks Columbus NM for Mexico. CP
Lusitania is torpedoed with the loss of hundreds of Americans. Churchill hopes this will bring the US into the war
, but it doesn't.- Canada herds thousands of Ukrainian immigrants into internment and labour-camps, under the War Measures Act. [CBC Newsworld, 2002 Nov 5, reporting on Project Roll Call] (I don't want to leave the impression Canada itself has been all rosy. On the other hand, we've never called ourselves things like `Land of the Free.')
- 1916: Woodrow Wilson is reelected on a platform of
He kept us out of the war;promptly begins pushing Congress to approve going to war. II (This is not the familiar 2nd-term devil-may-care ongoing, though, since the term limit is some years away.)- 1917: Federation of the American Society for Experimental Biology forms. BG
- 1917: Rep. Oscar Callaway:
In March, 1915, the J.P. Morgan interests, the steel, shipbuilding, and powder interest, and their subsidiary organizations, got together 12 men high up in the newspaper world and employed them to select the most influential newspapers in the US and sufficient number of them to control generally the policy of the daily press. They found it was only necessary to purchase the control of 25 of the greatest papers. An agreement was reached; the policy of the papers was bought, to be paid for by the month; an editor was furnished for each paper to properly supervise and edit information regarding the questions of preparedness, militarism, financial policies, and other things of national and international nature considered vital to the interests of the purchasers. GO- 1917: Prescott Bush graduates Yale a member of Skull & Bones. GBUB citing Ohio State Journal 1918 Aug 8]
- 1917: The Bush family's oil connection is forged. The Humble Oil company, eventually to become [part of?] Exxon, strikes black gold in the Houston suburb of that name. Humble's founder, William Stamps Farish, goes on to become president of Standard Oil. His daughter becomes a friend of George Bush Sr and his grandson William Jr was taken in `almost like family' (said Barbara Bush) while campaigning for George Sr's entrée into Washington Senatorial politics in 1964. Farish Jr claims to have been the first man to whom Bush Sr confided his ambition to be president, and was named US Ambassador to London in 2001. G [gotta tidy this]
- 1917 Apr 6: Congress declares war on Germany, 373 to 50. WW1 (I'm told the US troops earned the nickname
doughboyforbeing slow to rise—ie last to both world wars.)- Apr 9: Canadians capture Vimy Ridge at great cost. This is considered Canada's
coming of age,whatever that means.- Jun 7: After months of undermining the German lines, the British set off the Messines explosion, ~½ Gg of ammanol MHB in 24 mines. Heard in London. 10000 killed. One mine went off a little late, deleting an Irish division. F five of the mines were not fired; one had a develoed a fault, and four were in an area the Germans had left. All lie forgotten until 1955 Jul 17 when lightning sets one off.
- July: The embarassingly German
Englishmonarchy, Saxe-Coburg Goethe Guelph Wopple Whipple (or some such thing), renames itself after an English castle—Windsor. [PBS]- 1917 Dec 6: Scores of Halifax residents flock to the docks to watch a fire smoldering in the hold of the French freighter Montblanc. A bit after 9 am, history's largest artificial nonnuclear explosion* is loosed, making us probably the only North American populace with even a shadow of a clue of what Hiroshima and Nagasaki will feel. Boston assembles and dispatches a hospital train within hours, and we will send them a big thank-you Christmas tree each year thereafter. (Although if we don't curb this g*mn clearcutting soon…)
*except perhaps for an 8 kt experimental explosion in the late 20th century- 1918–20:
US sends troops [to] more than a dozen countries to oppose the spread of the successful workers' revolution in Russia in October 1917. US and allied forces worked with savage reactionaries who hoped to restore the rule of the tsar. JR(Probably also Sutton Wall St and the Bolshevik Revolution)- 1918: US forcibly vaccinates 3 million Philipinos, killing 16477. [M perhaps citing Koch Survival Factor in Neoplastic and Viral Disease]
A particularly interesting case is that of the Philippines. When these islands fell into the hands of the Americans a vast vaccination scheme was carried out…there is a certain humour in the circumstance that…the vaccinated and re-vaccinated American soldiers fell victims to it, dying at a percentage three times higher than that which obtained among the unvaccinated people they had come to instruct. Hadwen- Mar 11: A virulent influenza appears at US military base, Camp Funston, Kansas. 107 take sick in the morning. By the 13th 522 are ill, and the illness is appearing at other bases. (Yet the speculation is that it originated in China like so much other 'flu.) Before it
disappears18 months later, so-calledSpanish fluends WWI by killing 20–40 million. CZ (The war itself took only about 9 million. The Black Death at its worst, 1347–51, killed only 2 million in a year. And yet high-school history teaches the Black Death but not the Spanish Flu. At least so mine did. I first found out about it at about 30, reading family diaries.) It seemed to prefer young, healthy adults. 675000 died in the US, about 200000 in October alone, cutting ten years off the median life expectancy. SU · 9D · SP `It was an influenza virus modified with avian mycoplasma for which humans had noacquiredimmunity.' BG But how much of it was actually poorly-thought-out inoculants? IE Some are convinced it was an inoculant experiment gone bad, compounded with the ignorance ofmodern medicine. W (Which might explain why it's glossed-over history.)- 1918 Jun 16: Eugene Debs gives an antiwar address for which he is imprisoned 32 months. (It was to be 10 a but Harding would commute the sentence.) MH
- 1918 Jul 4: First celebration of Independence Day. It was an anti-labour creation originally conceived as Americanization Day, but
Independencewas more palatable. MF (Must be where the 2nd v 4th error crept in.)- 1918: Theodore Roosevelt, to Wilson, re crackdown:
To announce that there must be no criticism of the President, or that we are to stand by the President, right or wrong, is not only unpatriotic and servile, but is morally treasonable to the American Public.[Edgar Steele email]- 1918 Oct 14: British gas-shelling at Wervik. A long pause in the shelling is confused by some Germans as its end, and they are caught by a final volley far from their masks. An Adolf Hitler is one; it is possible this experience of gassing is what prevents him using gas in battle in WW2. WW1
- 1919: US forcibly vaccinates over 7 million more Philipinos, killing 44408. [M citing Hadwen and perhaps Koch Survival Factor in Neoplastic and Viral Disease]
- 1919: Upton Sinclair Brass Cheque exposes the presstitutes. DCD (They were then relatively new.)
- 1919: Horsecart loaded with explosives set off in Wall St.; 30 killed. [Burns New York] [Meade Buster Keaton p 127–8]
- 1919: Woodrow Wilson (Democrat) almost completely incapacitated by a stroke; his wife will illegally run the White House until 1921. `…his Federal Trade Commission and Federal Reserve Act are felt still, he viciously suppressed American radicals, promised to keep us out of the First World War and didn't, tried to create an effective League of Nations and couldn't…' AC
- 1919: Churchill authorises gassing of the `uncivilised' Kurds and Afghans. PH · NC
I do not understand this squeamishness about the use of gas. It is sheer affectation to lacerate a man with the poisonous fragment of a bursting shell and then to boggle at making his eyes water by means of a lachrymatory gas. I am strongly in favour of using poisoned gas against uncivilised tribes…It is not necessary to use only the most deadly gasses; gasses can be used which cause great inconvenience and would spread a lively terror and yet would leave no serious permanent effects on most of those affected…We cannot, in any circumstances acquiesce to the non-utilisation of any weapons which are available to procure a speedy termination of the disorder which prevails on the frontier. [synthesis: FPP quoting Daily Telegraph 1997 Jan 3; DD & NI citing Thomas Effects of Chemical Warfare ch 2](Churchill defenders, note: he advocates poison on `uncivilised tribes.' Presumably the `lachrymatory' pepper sprays are reserved for `civilised' targets. See also '44 Jun 7 memo.)True, despite these flaws Churchill led his nation to victory in war. But then so did Stalin and it is unlikely Russians would put him at the top of their 100 greatest. That Churchill remains so revered tells us more about Britain than it does about him. G- 1919: `Boston Molasses flood' A distillery jambs about 100 tons more molasses into a holding tank than its design limit. `A classic instance of callousness and stupidity.' The company tries to blame German sabotage. [C'd'n History Channel, 2002 Apr 14; Disasters of the Century?]
- 1920: Britain writes `Iraq' on a map and makes a squiggle around it; 80+ years of border disputes begin. PH Treaty of Sevres for carving up the Ottoman Empire calls for the creation of an autonomous Kurdish state. But oil interests thwart this, and the Kurds are split up, with their population living mainly in Iran, Iraq, and Turkey. PBS · PBS
- 1920 Feb: Churchill (confusing Zionism with Judaisim): `This movement among the Jews is not new. From the days of Spartacus-Weishaupt to those of Karl Marx, and down to Trotsky (Russia), Bela Kun (Hungary), Rosa Luxembourg (Germany), and Emma Goldman (US)…this worldwide conspiracy for the overthrow of civilisation and for the reconstitution of society on the basis of arrested development, of envious malevolence, and impossible equality, has been steadily growing. It has been the mainspring of every subversive movement during the 19th century; and now at last this band of extraordinary personalities from the underworld of the great cities of Europe and America have gripped the Russian people by the hair of their heads and have become practically the undisputed masters of that enormous empire.' [G citing `Zionism versus Bolshevism' Illustrated Sunday Herald]
- 1921: Founding of Council on Foreign Relations. `This august body of
wise menhas effectively dominated the making of foreign policy by the US government since before World War II. The CFR has included virtually every key national-security and foreign-policy adviser of this nation [since its founding]…Out of some 2900 members, at least 500 are very powerful, another 500 are from centers of influence, and the rest are influential in academia, the media, business, and finance, the military, or government. A few are token conservatives.' CFR `evolved out of' the Rhodes et al society of 1891—the Round Table Groups? [BI citing Robertson New World Order] (Passing note: it's amazing to me that people can be aware of the CFR, the Trilateral Commission, the Bilderbergers, Skull & Bones; and know how these groups have furnished and installed Presidents, cabinets, media moguls…and still say `there are no conspiracies.')- 1921: Race riot in Tulsa OK, suppressed with bombers. [The Day they Bombed the Promised Land ALTV]
- 1921: `Lead eugenics' philosopher Bertrand Russell publicly supports the `necessity for
organizedplagues' against blacks. BG- 1921: British Lt Gen Sir Stanley Maude tells Iraqis
Our armies do not come as conquerors, but as liberators.Within three years 10,000 had died in an uprising against the British, who gassed and bombed theterrorists.M- 1921 Sep 5: Virginia Rappe dies after Roscoe `Fatty' Arbuckle's soon-to-be infamous Labor Day party in San Francisco. Although no good evidence of lethal wrongdoing is ever found against Arbuckle, he's put through three trials for his life before being completely exonerated. Dashiell Hammett is a Pinkerton detective on the case; fat men (eg Casper Gutman of Maltese Falcon) become his standard literary villain. The scandal leads to the Hays office, official US media censorship. [Meade Buster Keaton p 116–130]
- 1922: John F. Hylan, mayor NYC:
The real menace of our republic is this invisible government which like a giant octopus sprawls its slimy length over city, state and nation. Like the octopus of real life, it operates under cover of a self created screen…At the head of this octopus are the Rockefeller Standard Oil interests and a small group of powerful banking houses generally referred to as international bankers. The little coterie of powerful international bankers virtually run the US government for their own selfish purposes. They practically control both political parties.GO · BN [AMPP says 1911]- 1922 Aug 10: Prescott Bush born, first child of Prescott's fice children. USAT
- 1922 Sep 11: `A British mandate comes into force in Palestine, over the heads of unyielding Arab opposition.' [Economist 2001 Sep 15–21 p15] Palestine, population 757182, about 18000 sq mi on the Med shore roughly halved by the Jordan, is under British administration by mandate of the League of Nations. A constitution is `given' to Palestine, providing for a legislative council of 22 members, 12 elected. The 83749 Jews (almost all immigrants since 1880) get an elected assembly which represents them in their dealings with the administration. [Universal Encyclopedia, New Edition J. A. Hammerton, ed; Educational Book Co. Ltd. London c1930] (Zionists love to claim Palestine never existed. Its existence in '22 seems to me as legit as Kuwait's or Israel's today. I think it was just convenient for the Western powers to plunk Israel into the mideast to cause a ruckus so the natives pay less attention to who's stealing their oil (see Churchill 1913). The same trick is used on India–Pakistan/Bangladesh.
- 1922: Washington dissolves its traitorous (see 1912, 1916) Central American Court of Justice. [Chomsky Reader p 125 citing Inevitable Revolutions&warn;]
- 1923: Warren Harding (Republican) dies in office of an embolism. `The most corrupt administration of the century, even by today's standards (two of his people committed suicide to escape prosecution)' AC
- 1923: H. L. Mencken: `The whole aim of practical politics is to keep the populace alarmed (and hence clamorous to be led to safety) by menacing it with an endless series of hobgoblins, all of them imaginary.' [SG citing compilation of James Harris]
- 1923 Nov 8: Hitler's `Beerhall putsch.' The Nazis storm a beerhall where some Bavarian leaders had gathered for a party.
Hitler fired a pistol shot into the ceiling. `Silence!' he yelled at the stunned crowd.Putzi's wife Helene Niemeyer Hanfstängl of Long Island N enables WW2 by knocking the gun from Hitler's hand. [Q citing Putzi's Unheard Witness]Hitler and Göring forced their way to the podium as armed SA men continued to file into the hall. State Commissioner Gustav von Kahr, whose speech had been interrupted by all this, yielded the podium to Hitler.
`The National Revolution has begun!' Hitler shouted. `…No one may leave the hall. Unless there is immediate quiet I shall have a machine gun posted in the gallery. The Bavarian and Reich governments have been removed and a provisional national government formed. The barracks of the Reichswehr and police are occupied. The Army and the police are marching on the city under the swastika banner!'
None of that was true, but those in the beer hall could not know otherwise.
Hitler then ordered the three highest officials of the Bavarian government into a back room…But to Hitler's great surprise, his three captives simply glared at him and at first even refused to talk to him. Hitler responded by waving his pistol at them, yelling, `I have four shots in my pistol! Three for you, gentlemen. The last bullet for myself!' [There is a temporary success,] then word came that attempts to take over several military barracks had failed and that German soldiers inside the barracks were holding out against Hitler's storm troopers. Hitler decided to leave the beer hall and go to the scene to personally resolve the problem.
Leaving the beer hall was a fateful error. In his absence the Nazi revolution quickly began to unravel. The three Bavarian government leaders, Kahr, Lossow, and Seisser, slipped out of the beer hall after falsely promising Ludendorff they would remain loyal to Hitler.
Meanwhile, Hitler had no luck in getting the German soldiers who were holding out in the barracks to surrender.
…Hitler wound up at the home his friends, the Hanfstängls, where he was reportedly talked out of suicide…With the collapse of the Nazi beer hall putsch, it now appeared to most observers that Hitler's political career and the Nazi movement had come to a crashing, almost laughable end. T
In the early 1900s, a German-American student at Harvard wrote a number of football songs for that institution. The student, Ernst Franz Sedgwick Hanfstaengl (whose mother was a Sedgwick from the old Connecticut and Massachusetts family), later became a prominent Hitler supporter and fundraiser, and directed foreign press relations for the Nazi Party in the early years of its rule. In the Nazi victory parade on Unter den Linden after Hitler took power, SA brownshirts marched to one of Herr Hanfstaengl's Harvard band pieces. (Hanfstaengl fled Germany before the Second World War and wound up in the US with the help of a New York Harvard Club pal from the old days, Franklin Delano Roosevelt.)I once suggested to the Harvard alumni magazine that it take a look at Hanfstaengl's/Harvard football's musical contributions to Nazi Germany. So far as I know, however, this bit of scholarship remains untackled. Donald Moffitt '58 Williamsburg, VA YAM
Thyssen became interested in Hitler in the year of the Beer Hall Putsch, when Hitler was regarded as a revolver-firing clown who would end up in an insane asylum rather than the chancellor's chair. But Thyssen saw possibilities. In 1927 Thyssen took his partner in the Steel Trust, Vögeler, to Rome, they interviewed Mussolini, and when they returned it was noticeable that the Nazi Party suddenly grew rich and began its march to power. FF- 1923: Creation of Oregon's state Board of Eugenics for sterilising the
feeble-minded, insane, epileptic, habitual criminals, moral degenerates and sexual pervertsand those likely to become a menace to society. It will operate for 60 years, sterilising homosexuals and reportedly more than 100 teenage girls at a state reform school, some simply for misbehaving. [NFB, AZC quoting R] (CBS' 60 Minutes 2004 May 2 mentions one of the US' eugenics programs, in ref to Massachusetts' Fernald school, beginning with comment that the US did eugenics before and after Hitler. Also mentioned the school's infamousnutritionalexperiments where radioactive isotopes were used to see whether Quaker Oats was as good as Cream of Wheat. CNN)- 1923: German hyperinflation. (I presume they call it `hyperinflation' not just because the inflation rate is extremely high, shifting the decimal 12 places in a few months, but that the inflation rate is itself increasing at an exponential rate.)
- 1924: Britain stops bombing and gassing the Kurds. PH
- 6/12/24: Prescott Bush begets GHWB and names him for business partner George Herbert Walker. [Larry King, reading driver's license; typical of Mercan dates, I can't tell month and day] [Sherman Skolnick]
- Calvin Coolidge (Republican) declares
the business of America is businessand governed that way. AC (Fascism?)- Outbreak of foot-and-mouth in Cheshire.
In summarising the current [c2000] FMDcrisis, this simple extract from Abigail Wood's account of the 1920s Cheshire FMD outbreak is most revealing. Trawled from Cheshire local newspapers available at the Cheshire Records Office we readMinistry teams were so far behind in their slaughtering that on many farms the cows had recovered before the slaughterers had arrived. Farmers looked at their now-normal cows in bewilderment and askedTMHWas that it? Was that trivial illness what all the fuss was about?- 1925: Australia finally figures out that compulsory vaccination causes more disease than it cures and does away with it. DW (US persists.)
- 1925: Hermann Schmitz, with Wall Street assistance, amalgamates six giant German chemical companies—Badische Anilin, Bayer, Agfa, Höchst, Weiler-ter-Meer, and Griesheim-Elektron—into Internationale Gesellschaft Farbenindustrie A.G.; I.G. Farben for short. In 20 years the same Hermann Schmitz will be tried at Nuremburg for I.G. Farben war crimes. Other directors will go on trial but the American affiliates and American directors of I.G. itself will be quietly forgotten. S
- 1926 Mar 16: Robert Goddard launches the first liquid-fuel rocket. CS&D&warn; (This appears to be something Americans did invent; what they don't trumpet is that Goddard's accomplishment was ignored at home and left to the Nazis and the Soviets to develop into practical tools.)
- 1927: US Supreme Court upholds forcible sterilisation; Oliver Wendell Holmes likened it to vaccination,
Three generations of imbeciles are enough.UKS [NFB, AZC quoting R] (Of course, the US still refuses to realise vaccination is a fraud.)- 1927: Henry Ford The International Jew
A virulent anti-Semitic [sic] tract, it was still being distributed in Latin America and the Arab countries as late as 1945. Hitler admired the book and it influenced him deeply. Visitors to Hitler's headquarters at the Brown House in Munich noticed a large photograph of Henry Ford hanging in his office. Stacked high on the table outside were copies of Ford's book. As early as 1923, when Hitler heard that Ford was planning to run for President, he told an interviewer from the Chicago TribuneI wish that I could send some of my shock troops to Chicago and other big American cities to help.- 1928: Holland finally figures out that compulsory smallpox vaccination causes more disease than it cures and does away with it. (US persists—although it must be admitted that by 1929 only nine states still enforced the law.) DW
- 1928: H. G. Wells' The Open Conspiracy. It is possible this book inspired Bertrand Russell (a friend of Wells') to get Leo Szilard (Russell protégé) to cajole Einstein into signing the letter to Roosevelt that gets the Manhattan Project underway. BI, EIR (The Szilard-Einstein-Roosevelt portion, at least, is well-known. [CS&D&warn; 1939] Somewhere along the line Einstein ranked signing Szilard's letter amongst his personal top-10 blunders.)
- 1928: Edward Bernays Propaganda:
The conscious and intelligent manipulation of the organized habits and opinions of the [public] is an important element in democratic society. Those who manipulate this unseen mechanism of society constitute an invisible government which is the true ruling power of our country.[AMPP citing Food & Water Journal]- 1929:
Bernays set up a stunt to popularize the notion of women smoking cigarettes. In organizing the 1929 Easter Parade in New York City, Bernays showed himself as a force to be reckoned with. He organized the Torches of Liberty Brigade in which suffragettes marched in the parade smoking cigarettes as a mark of women's liberation. DWThey got a lot of play out of that. Remember theYou've come a long way, babycigarette ads? Virginia Slims, I think. Anyway, they often used suffragette-like pictures.- 1929 Oct: Charlie Chaplin, among others, recognises that a desperate attempt to prop up an overvalued stock market was obvious in the wide involvement of that majority of society that did not have risk capital, and bailed out in time (by `Black Thursday' the 24th) to save his fortune. WRH (His arch-rival William Claude Dukenfield was not so sagacious.) This lesson is long forgotten by the time of the dot-com and e-trade rush that would close the century. FL
- 1929 Oct 25: Herbert Hoover: `The fundamental business of the country, that is production and distribution of commodities, is on a sound and prosperous basis.' WRH
- 1929 Oct 28: Despite the efforts of the Plunge Protection Team, the fear accumulated over the weekend wipes out Wall St. (It becomes `common' but false knowledge that this crash starts the Great Depression. The tariff war that follows is another major factor.)
- Discovery of fluoride in the water of Bauxite Arkansas, and fluorosis in the teeth of its residents, causes a bit of a flurry at Alcoa. NIH
- 1930: In cutting Iraq loose, Britain describes Kuwait as `a small expendable state which could be sacrificed without too much concern.' Kurds, fearful of their place in the new scheme of things, revolt; the RAF is called in. PH
- 1930 Apr 14: Over 100 workers arrested in CA for union activities. Eight will be convicted of so-called `criminal syndicalism.' DB
Empire State constructed.
- 1931: Churchill, on Ghandi's meeting w/the Indian viceroy: `It is alarming and nauseating to see Mr. Gandhi, a seditious Middle Temple lawyer, now posing as a fakir of a type well known in the east, striding half naked up the steps of the viceregal palace, while he is still organising and conducting a campaign of civil disobedience, to parlay on equal terms with the representative of the Emperor-King.' G
- 1931: AIDS tested in sheep. BG
- 1931: Irgun Zvai Leumi (National Military Organization) founded in Jerusalem, led by Avraham Tehomi, it `advocates armed Jewish insurrection against British rule and war against Palestinian Arabs.' OW An `extreme' nationalist group calling for the use of force, if necessary, to establish a Jewish state on both sides of the Jordan. Another such group was the Stern Group headed by Yitzhak Shamir. [MM citing Encyclopædia Britannica and Collier's Encyclopedia]
- 1931: Kurdish leader Ahmad Barzani rebels against the Iraqi government. PBS
Cornelius Rhoads, under the auspices of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Investigations, infects human subjects with cancer cells. HNN · F-WP (This could be `Dusty' Rhoads, whom Rockefeller's batboy appointed to Sloan-Kettering and who later headed the Chemical Warfare Service Army HQ. IR)
- 1931: Otto Warburg wins Nobel prize
for his discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.NWarburg had received his first Nobel Prize demonstrating how a cell is able to produce much more energy than in the process of fermentation, using oxidative respiration. And he had received his second Nobel for proving that cancer is characterized by the process of fermentation; that oxidative respiration is not taking place in cancer. And this has been just ignored. TMH(Problem: I find only one Nobel listed for Warburg.)- 1932: &rad;`Gruesome' death of Pittsburgh industrialist who had daily ingested 8 µCi of Ra tonic prompts a public outcry and banning of such items. Previously Ra had been used in everything from polio treatments to vaginal creams. [UL citing Barton Hacker The Dragon's Tail p 24–5]
- 1932: Iraq gains `independance.' PH
- 1932: Tuskegee Syphilis Study begins; 200 black men diagnosed with syphilis are never told of their illness, denied treatment, and used as human guinea pigs in order to follow the progression and symptoms of the disease. They all subsequently die from syphilis, their families never told that they could have been treated. HNN [FTW & WF en passant]
- 1933: Canadian Charles Nelson Pogue demonstrates 200-MPG carburetor and demolishes oil stocks. The oil companies give him a cushy job making oil filters to keep him from pursuing it. The plans disappear for 7 dka. T It's claimed the cars weren't very fast GC (What's the difference between 25 miles/pint and 200 miles/gallon?) or performing perfectly. FC Much effort is put into explaining how it couldn't work, and if it did work, the car companies aren't motivated to block it. MBS · OR (The most plausible point there is the change in volatility.) Counter claims are that the oilcos
poisonedthe fuel for some ideas and simply bought up the patents for others. HR (I just don't know how much chemical energy can be squeezed out of gasoline and thus what the absolute limit is. And frankly I'd wonder about anyone that proclaimed to know absolutely what that amount is. They could know the maximum amount that's ever been obtained, but how do they prove there is no more?)- Smoot–Hawley tariffs compound the problems in Black Thursday's wake to make the Great Depression unavoidable. BBC
- While inventing television, Philo Farnsworth stumbles over an odd result in a vacuum tube that gave rise to plasma containment that permitted small-scale nuclear fusion. FV Unfortunately it (supposedly) does not upscale well, getting only as far as the Hirsch-Meeks fusor of up to a
billion per second. WP (A billion what is not clear at time of reading. Neutrons emitted? Probably. The fusor of 1968 was maybe twice airline-foodcart size, plugged into the wall, and gave 10 billion neutrons per second. RH Hirsch would end up the keeper of the AEC's fusion moneypot, and yet could never get funding for more work. RH)- 1933 Jan 30: Adolf Hitler becomes chancellor of Germany. `Two affiliates of the Bush-Harriman organization played great parts in this criminal undertaking: Thyssen's German Steel Trust and the Hamburg-Amerika Line.' GBUB
- Feb 17: Dagwood marries Blondie, is written out of billionaire-dad's will. B (Serious storyline revamp for the Depression. Not terribly important, just another piece of '33 trivia I stumbled on. Busy year.)
- 1933 Feb 27 (or 20): Reichstag fire. The Nazis pin it on a Dutch retard Marinus van der Lubbe, even though investigation shows one person could not have started such a large fire and that incendiaries had been brought in via a tunnel to Göring's offices. BI
- 1933 Mar 4: Franklin Delano Roosevelt anointed President.
- 1933 Mar 4–14: Roosevelt's Bank Holiday. BBC (This is related to the run that appears in Wonderful Life.)
- 1933 Mar 24: Panicky Gernman gov't passes an antiterror enabling act which becomes the cornerstone of Hitler's dictatorhip, featuring gun confiscation, national identity cards, racial profiling, a national security chief (Heinrich Himmler), mass murders, and concentration camps. `Since the Reichstag fire, the Bush family and their associates in the Council on Foreign Relations, Trilateral Commission, and Bilderbergers have often mimicked Hitler's tactics of creating a problem, offering a draconian, solution and advancing their agenda through any resulting compromise.' BI
`[The act's] five brief paragraphs took the power of legislation, including control of the Reich budget, approval of treaties with foreign states and the initiating of constitutional amendments, away from Parliament and handed it over to the Reich cabinet for a period of four years,' wrote historian William Shirer in his Rise and Fall of the Third Reich. While the Enabling Act explicitly permitted the Reich cabinet to enact laws that `might deviate from the constitution,' it also specified that the powers of Parliament would be protected.(Even the John Birch Society is noticing the Bush-Hitler parallels. OTOH, JBS hasn't liked Bush since the '60s. [GBUB])In a speech delivered that day before the Parliament, German Chancellor Adolf Hitler promised that his government `will make use of these powers only insofar as they are essential for carrying out vitally necessary measures.' To those worried about the possibility that the confederated German states would be absorbed into a centralized dictatorship, Hitler extended these assurances: `The separate existence of the federal states will not be done away with.' He also sought to placate those concerned about freedom of religion and other liberties: `The rights of the churches will not be diminished and their relationship to the State will not be modified. The number of cases in which an internal necessity exists for having recourse to such a law is in itself a limited one.'…
Shocking as it may seem, the powers given to President Bush by Congress last Fall are even more expansive than those Hitler received through the Enabling Act. JBS
uber alles in der Welt
wenn es stets zu Schutz und Trutze
bruderlich zusammen halt,
von der Maas bis an die Memel,
von der Etsch bis an den Belt
Deutschland, Deutschland uber alles,
uber alles in der Welt!Germany above all else.Allesdoesn't meaneveryonein German any more or less than doesallin English. FA It's quite nationalistic, but not unusually so. Especially compared with American nationalist music. (I have little idea what the rest of it means.)- 1933 Apr 19: FDR takes US off Au standard. [Edgar Steele email] Or: FDR announces end of gold standard. [Wikipedia]
- 1933 Nov 21: FDR, letter to Col House:
The real truth of the matter is, as you and I know, that a financial element in the large centers has owned the government of the US since the days of Andrew Jackson.AMPP- 1934: Stalin creates autonomous homeland for Jews, Birobidzhan. [CDI reviewing Weinberg Stalin's Forgotten Zion: Birobidzhan and the Making of a Soviet Jewish Homeland]
- 1934: Hindenburg dies. The Nazis simply merge the offices of President and Chancellor and Hitler thus becomes der Führer. SN
- 1934: k$100 note issued for use by Fed banks, features Woodrow Wilson. [Who Wants to be a Millionaire? 2002 Oct 31] (D'ya mean to tell me the Feds trade in crap amongst each other too? Real banks trade in precious elements.)
- 1934: Soviet Union establishes the Jewish Autonomous Region, `Birobidzhan.' A
- 1934 Feb 9: By executive dictat, Roosevelt cancels all airmail contracts and gives the job to the Army. By the end of the week, five army pilots are dead, six critically injured, eight planes wrecked.
Since the army had flown the mail back in 1918, let them fly the mail now. The president consulted the director of Air Commerce, who told him that army fliers did not have the sort of skills needed to fly the mail. After all, he should know, he was one…[It became such a mess that] abruptly, on April 20, 1934, Postmaster General Farley let the airlines know that the Post Office was open to bids for mail contracts because, come May, the army would no longer fly the mail. [Vidal United States p1072-3]- 1934 Oct: An early
going postal: Rosaire Bilodeau, ex mail carrier of the Quebec postal service, shoots postmaster Morin, senior mail clerk Moise Jolicoeur, and divisional superintendant Oscar Fiset, killing the last. He then takes five family members into the woods and does away with them. [Family Herald and Weekly Star Oct 31]- J. Edgar Hoover establishes the FBI, essentially a federal police force.
- One popular xenotransplant up until about now has been the installation of monkey balls as a treatment for impotency. (In fact there's a Sherlock Holmes story along that line.) However, none of the recipients are known to have contracted anything resembling what would eventually be called AIDS. [SoD citing Hamilton The Monkey-Gland Affair] (Yet an official theory for AIDS would be that it jumped from monkeys.)
- Churchill to Hitler:
Were England to suffer a national disaster comparable to that of Germany in 1918, I should pray God to send us a man of your strength of mind and will.TMH- 1935: Pellagra Incident. After millions die of Pellagra over a span of two decades, the US Public Health Service finally acts to stem the disease. The director of the agency admits it had known all along that Pellagra is caused by a niacin deficiency but failed to act since most of the deaths occured within poverty-stricken black populations. HNN
- Adolf Hitler: `1935 will go down in history! For the first time a civilized nation has full gun registration! Our streets will be safer, our police more efficient, and the world will follow our lead in the future!' GM
- Hitler:
National Socialism does not harbor the slightest aggressive intent toward any European nation.DC (Hint: the big guys do not always tell the truth.)- 1935 Sep 15:
Imposition of Nuremberg Laws.
One aspect of the laws, now long forgotten but which attracted considerable attention at the time, was the fact that from then on only two flags were to be permitted in the Third Reich, the swastika and the blue-and-white Zionist banner. [The reaction was mixed, even among Zionists.] ZAD(This remarkable point is endorsed by Henry Makow. See CP also by Brenner. Does anyone know where the original, unadulterated Nuremberg Laws might be had? But Zionist-Nazi collaboration should not surprise anyone; they complemented each other well. One wanted Jews out of Germany, the other wanted Jews into Palestine. What is surprising is how far Zionists took the collaboration, conciously undermining prosemitic efforts all over the world—which took the stout logic, `If German Jews aren't bent out of shape by what Hitler's doing to them, why should we be?')- 1935:
GM's participation in Germany's preparation for war began in 1935. That year its Opel subsidiary cooperated with the Reich in locating a new heavy truck facility at Brandenburg, which military officials advised would be less vulnerable to enemy air attacks. During the succeeding years, GM supplied the Wehrmact with OpelBlitztrucks from the Brandenburg complex. For these and other contributions to [the Nazis] wartime preparations, GM's chief executive for overseas operations [James Mooney] was awarded the Order of the German Eagle (first class) by Adolf Hitler. [S quoting Mintz & Cohen Power Inc quoting Snell study presented to Senate Subcommittee on Antitrust and Monopoly, 1974 Feb]- General Motors in full-scale production of trucks, armoured cars, and tanks for the Nazis. [S citing Higham Trading with the Enemy: an exposé of the Nazi-American money plot 1933–49 p166]
- 1936: Churchill:
America should have minded her own business and stayed out of the World War. If you hadn't entered the war the Allies would have made peace with Germany in the Spring of 1917. Had we made peace then there would have been no collapse in Russia followed by Communism, no breakdown in Italy followed by Fascism, and Germany would not have signed the Versailles Treaty, which has enthroned Nazism in Germany. If America had stayed out of the war, all these(Then why do people argue Churchillismswouldn't today be sweeping the continent of Europe and breaking down parliamentary government—and if England had made peace early in 1917, it would have saved over one million British, French, American, and other lives. [WW1 citing NY Enquirer] [R citing same via Spectator]had Lusitania sunkto draw the US in? Is this one of Churchill's self-serving political about-faces? Or is the Lusitania thinking false? Or did Churchill honestly change his mind in hindsight?)- 1936: Olympics held in Berlin; war breaks out shortly thereafter. (Same thing happens later in Sarajevo.)
- 1936: US gov't declares bankruptcy (anyone got something like a source on that? Is that what Trafficant meant with his reference to being in bankruptcy proceedings, that they continue after 60+ years??)
- 1936 Apr 3: B. R. Hauptmann electrocuted for the disappearance of Cha's Lindbergh III. H. N. Schwartzkopf, chief of NJ police and thus part of the group that cooked up Hauptman's execution, is father to the future Stormin' Norman. LKH
- 1937: W'm Dodd, US ambassador to Germany:
A clique of US industrialists is hell-bent to bring a fascist state to supplant our democratic government and is working closely with the fascist regime in Germany and Italy. I have had plenty of opportunity in my post in Berlin to witness how close some of our American ruling families are to the Nazi regime…Certain American industrialists had a great deal to do with bringing fascist regimes into being in both Germany and Italy. They extended aid to help Fascism occupy the seat of power, and they are helping to keep it there. [S citing Seldes Facts and Fascism p122, Higham Trading with the Enemy p167]
- 1937: Churchill, to Parliament: `I will not pretend that, if I had to choose between communism and nazism, I would choose communism.' G
- 1937: Churchill, to Palestine Royal Commission: `I do not admit…that a great wrong has been done to the Red Indians of America, or the black people of Australia…by the fact that a stronger race, a higher-grade race…has come in and taken its place.' G
- 1937: Churchill: `One may dislike Hitler's system and yet admire his patriotic achievement. If our country were defeated, I hope we should find a champion as admirable to restore our courage and lead us back to our place among the nations.' [G citing Great Contemporaries]
- Churchill: `The choice was clearly open: crush them with vain and unstinted force, or try to give them what they want. These were the only alternatives and most people were unprepared for either. Here indeed was the Irish spectre—horrid and inexorcisable. [G citing The World Crisis and the Aftermath, 1923–31]
- IBM sees Nazi Germany as a great potential market, given the modernisation efforts it's not surprising. IBM ultimately makes the IT that runs the Final Solution. [ENC, VV, VV by author of IBM and the Holocaust cited GN] Thanks to IBM's recordkeeping, and whatever the number of Jewish victims, we know of about 5 million nonJewish victims of the holocaust. HF (Ask a Zionist why, say, the Gypsies deserve less sympathy than the Jews?) Ford similarly supplied both sides of the war, coming out the other end much wealthier. (As did GM [see Sutton], which raised an amusing question re their autumn-2002 ad campaign about their 589 000-odd trucks in the European war effort. Was that counting both sides?)
- Firey end of airship Hindenburg at Lakehurst NJ. There's much talk about sabotage and the dangers of hydrogen and stuff. After about 6 decades it's decided the skin of the craft was the real culprit; canvas coated with Al outside and Fe oxide inside. They had unwittingly made the skin of thermite. (I think the Al was to reflect heat and for electrical conduction; the Fe was for electrical conduction at less expense than Al. The conduction was needed to reduce charge accumulation and sparking. See a recent Lee Valley catalogue insert about the dangers of grinding Al and Fe on the same machine without thorough cleanup in between.) The Germans knew the advantages of He for inflating airships but the US had most of it and refused to let the Nazis have any.
- 1937 Oct 28: Karl Reinmuth discovers asteroid Hermes, then loses it five days later. It's not refound for 66 years, and makes 4
unnervingand totally unnoticed near-Earth passes in the meantime. NASA Which prove's we're quite likely to get smashed by something we never even see coming.- 1937 Dec: Marihuana Tax Act signed, L killing the US hemp industry just as it was about to benefit from a mechanised brake and compete with cotton and wood pulp. HF (
In the old days braking was done by hand—one of the hardest jobs known to man. Now the power braker makes quick work of it.HFV)- 1938: Federal Trade Commission orders Hammond to cease claiming its instruments were the equal of a real pipe organ. WF
- 1938: Chinese archaeologists purportedly unearth in Bayan-Kara-Ula ancient alien skeletons and over 700 stone discs with spiral writing. The discovery is supposed to have been published in 1965
The Grooved Script concerning Space-ships which, as recorded on the Discs, landed on Earth 12,000 years ago. BN · CL · X- 1938: Kuwait parliament votes to reunite with Iraq; Kuwait puppet ruling family dissolves the parliament. NV
- 1938 Sep 30: Arthur Neville Chamberlain tries to convince the world Hitler will content himself with the Sudetenland.
- Oct 31:
Radio's Man of the Year was youthful Orson Welles who, in his famous The War of the Worlds broadcast, scared fewer people than Hitler, but more than had ever been frightened by radio before, demonstrating that radio can be a tremendous force in whipping up mass emotion. T- Nov 9: Krystallnacht
- Hitler's Obersalzburg retreat written up in Homes & Gardens. R
- Nov 26: Albert Einstein:
Anti-Semitism is nothing but the antagonistic attitude produced in the non-Jew by the Jewish group. The Jewish group has thrived on oppression and on the antagonism it has forever met in the world…the root cause is their use of enemies they create in order to keep solidarity…[X citing Collier's]- Adolf Hitler is Time's Man of 1938. T
- 1939: Iraq's King Ghazi dies in car crash. He had become outspokenly anti-British and many suspect an assassination. PH
- Asked what he thought of Western civilisation, Ghandi replies it'd be a good idea.
- 1939 Sep: Germany, equipped by Flick, Harriman, Walker (GHWB's grandfather), and Bush (GHWB's father) with material basically stolen from Poland, invades Poland. GBUB
- 1939 Sep 14: Igor Sikorsky flies the first helicopter. CS&D&warn; (An American invention, but by a Russian.)
- 1940: London begins at least 40 years of biological and chemical experiments on its populace without their knowledge. G 400 prisoners in Chicago are infected with malaria in order to study the effects of new and experimental drugs to combat the disease. Nazi doctors later on trial at Nuremberg cite this American study to defend their own actions during the Holocaust. HNN
- 1940 Jan:
[Pius XII] was approached by the agent of a certain clique of German generals, who asked him to tell the British government that they would undertake toremoveHitler if they were given assurances that the British would come to terms with a moderate German regime. Pius XII promptly passed along this message to Sir D'Arcy Osborne, Britain's envoy to the Holy See. The offer was turned down. [BR quoting JHR citing research of 4 Jesuits under Paul VI incl Robert A. Graham]- May 11: First (?) aerial bombing of civilians in European theatre—by Britain on Germany. [N citing Veale Advance to Barbarism p172]
- 1940 June 4: Churchill delivers `we shall defend our island…we shall fight on the beaches…we shall never surrender' speech, is lauded as inspirational leader. US quietly donates M$s in aid.
- (circa) Nazis develop Goddard's toys into first-generation cruise and ballistic missiles.
- 1940: Japan, Germany, Italy sign military alliance (and/aka) Tripartite treaty. TF
- 1940: Voorhis Bill HR2809 to abolish Federal Reserve is buried in committee. TF
- 1940: US cracks Japan's `Purple Code.' TF
- 1940: Soviet concentration camps use fluoride to induce compliance and physical deterioration. TF
- Sep 7:
in what may well have been an accident, a German bomber unloaded its weapons over a civilian area in London. The British retaliated with an almost totally ineffective raid on Berlin, and the slope that led downwards to the firestorms of Hamburg and Dresden had been well and truly greased.IWNGQ- 1940 Oct: FDR, up for reelection, promises Bostonians
I have said this before, but I shall say it again and again: Your boys are not going to be sent into any foreign wars.II (Compare Wilson 1916.)- 1940 Oct 7: McCollum memo, `smoking gun' of Pearl Harbor. (Given the JGI treaty and the codebreaking, the US has good reason and is well-placed to take the war to Japan.)
- 1940: US cuts off
oil andsteel to Japan and tells it to withdraw from China. TF (Oil cut off next year, according to Vidal.)- 1940 Nov 11: A score of old British planes destroys the Italian fleet at Taranto using shallow-draft torpedoes. PH
