Computer Operating Systems

1.   Discuss Chapter 8 (hard disk) concepts:

      We rate IDE hard disks by several factors:

         Speed

            Data Transfer Speed, measured in MB/sec read or written to the disk is generally considered
            to be the best indicator of drive performance. (Speed is also measured in access time and
           seek time (access time + latency) but these statistics are less representative of a
           drive's performance.

           An additional performance factor is the speed with which the drive's platters revolve, measured in
            rpm (revolutions per minute). Generally, the higher the RPM speed, the better the drive's performance..

           Early IDE also known as _________, has a data transfer speed of ________,

           using PIO Modes ____ and ____   (See PCGuide section on PIO Modes)


           ATA-2 also known as ___________, has a data transfer speed of ________,

           using PIO Modes __ and ___.

       Ultra-ATA, also known as ____________, has data transfer speeds up to ___________.

         Can these speeds be achieved using PIO Mode transfers? ____. What transfer standard
         do these Ultra-ATA (Ultra DMA/33) drives use? _________. (See PCGuide section on
         Ultra DMA Modes)

---

         Ultra ATA/66, also known as _______, has data transfer speeds up to _____.
           What extra hardware do these drives require? ___________
           What transfer standard do these drives use? _________.

        Ultra ATA/100 has data transfer speeds up to _________, using UDMA Mode ____.
           What extra hardware do these drives require? ___________.

        Ultra ATA/133 has data transfer speeds up to _______. What extra hardware do these
           drives require? _______. ((What UDMA Mode do these drives probably use? _____))

        Storage Capacity

        ATA standards before ATA/133 support a maximum physical drive size of ____.
        (Assuming computer BIOS and IDE Controller support.)
          

        ATA/133 Standards support a maximum space of _______
           What other support is required for drives larger than 137GB?

          ______________________________________________________

         _______________________________________________________


        Non-IDE Hard Drive Technologies

      Contemporary standards in use for Non-IDE hard drives include ______, ________,
      _________, and _________.

       Older (legacy) standards for PC hard drives include ________, ___________, and ____________.

       For the oldest two, the number of sectors per track must _______________________.

       On modern IDE drives, a formatting system called ___________________ allows the number of
       tracks per sector to ________________.

      More Concepts

       ___________________ prepares hard disks at the factoryt by marking tracks and sectors.

      ____________________ is performed by an operating system to prepare a drive for OS insallation.

      To calculate the storage capacity of an older drive you can multiply the number of ___________ by

      the number of _________ by the number of ____________, times 512 bytes per ____________.


     Storage Size Limitations Imposed by BIOS

      The original IDE mode, also called ________, recognizes storage capacity up to ______ MB.

      Two modes for recognizing larger drives between _____MB and ______MB are _______ and

      __________.    (Of these two, the preferred standard is _______.)

     To get around these storage size limitations without replacing the BIOS, you can use __________

     A hard drive is logically organized in three steps:

       ________________________________,      ______________________, ____________________.

    A hard disk may contain up to _______   partitions, only one of which can be an _______________

    partition. To boot an operating system, one of these partitions must be _______________.

    Storage Size Limitations for Logical Drives Imposed by OS

      Three common file systems used by Windows operating systems are _______, _______, and

     ______.

   Vocabulary for this section of the chapter:

IDE, EIDE, ATAPI, ATA, ATA-2, ATA-3, Ultra-ATA, Ultra DMA/33,
Ultra ATA/66, Ultra DMA/66, Ultra ATA/100, Ultra ATA/133

Primary & Secondary IDE channel, Master/Slave, SCSI, IEEE 1394, low-level formatting, high-level formatting, heads, cylinders, sectors per track, CHS (or normal mode), Extended CHS Mode, LBA (logical block addressing).

2. Check vocabulary homework and Day 29 and Day 30 fill-ins.

3. Lab Work

    Finish Meyers Lab 5.2: I/O Addresses and IRQs.

    Go to AIDA website and download the AIDA32 diagnostic utility. Use it to investigate the
    hard disk on your computer and record the reported statistics:

    Maximum PIO Transfer mode                         ______

    Maximum UDMA Transfer Mode                 ______

    Support for SMART disk analysis (Y/N)     ______

    Supports Write Cache (Y/N)                          ______

    Manufacturer/Drive Family                            ______

    Form Factor                                                      ______

    Formatted Capacity                                        ______

    Rotational Speed                                            ______

    Average Seek Time                                        ______

    Track-to-track Seek Time                              ______

    Interface                                                           ______

    Buffer-to-Host Data Rate                              ______

             

Homework

Have Meyers Lab 5.2 and Day 30 fill-ins ready
for inspection.

Study for Chapter 7 (floppy disk) quiz on Thursday.

Review steps to format a hard drive in FDISK.DOC.

Finish reading A+ in Depth Chapter 8, and prepare for
Team Contest on Chapter questions (p.348-351)

See also Digital Concern IDE Drives page for useful information.