• Abstract

A brief overview and summary of the wear studies conducted.

• Complete Thesis

• Contents

This section is self-explanatory, containing the contents and also lists of figures and tables in the thesis.   The "Abstract" can also be found immediately following the "Contents".

• Introduction, Literature Review, Introduction to Current Investigation

The main part here is the "Literature Review", which covers basic friction theory, adhesion, abrasion, third body wear, glaze (compacted oxide) formation during high temperature sliding wear, the Superalloy materials (Stellite 6, Incoloy 800HT, Nimonic 80A, Incoloy MA956) used in current investigation, wear of alloys with second phase and relevance to current investigation (i.e. carbides within Stellite 6, or oxide dispersion phases in Incoloy MA956).

• Methodology

The 'Methodology' looks at the actual wear configuration used ('block-on-cylinder') and the characterisation methods (SEM, TEM, STM, micro- and nano-hardness, etc.) used on the generated wear surfaces.

• Results - Wear, Characterisation and Related Data

Effects of wear at sliding speeds of 0.314 m.s^-1 and 0.905 m.s^-1 between room temperature and 750^oC after 4,522 m (and 13,032 m at 0.905 m.s^-1) for Nimonic 80A and Incoloy MA956 as sample materials, when slid against either Stellite 6 or Incoloy 800HT as counterface materials.  

In depth studies include:

1. Examination of the Nimonic 80A versus Stellite 6 sliding system at varying distances up to 4,522 m at 0.314 m.s^-1 and temperatures of 510^oC and 750^oC, also reversal of sample and counterface and replacement of Nimonic 80A as a sample material with Nickel 200^TM (effectively taking chromium out of the way).

2. Nimonic 80A versus Incoloy 800HT and Incoloy MA956 versus Incoloy 800HT, with reciprocation switched off at 0.314 m.s^-1 and 510^oC.

3. Nano-scale studies, including nano-hardness, TEM studies and STM.

Note that the downloading of this file will take a while if you have a slow internet connection.   If you're on dial-up, I suggest you go for a half hour walk!!!

• Discussion of Results

Discussion of the data and information collected and the use of it to create mini-wear maps for each combination.   Also discussion of nano-data with respect to glaze formation.

• Conclusions / Summary

Even the "Conclusions / Summary" section is sizeable and requires a reasonable supply of coffee - effectively a summary of all the above if you don't have time to go through all the information.  

• Further Work

The "Further Work" section includes suggestions for extensions to the nano-scale work, plus possibly adding controlled amounts of aluminium to Incoloy MA956 to study diffusion effects and testing of pure metals and alloy compositions without minor alloying components, to ascertain the exact effect of each individual alloying component.

• References

The "References" section, as suggested by the title, lists other work referred to in the theses.  

• Appendix 1 (unofficial)

"Appendix 1" (added unofficially in early 2006) also lists journal articles directly related to the research (some of it published after the thesis), plus closely related publications by other authors.   There's also an e-mail link within this file for anyone wanting to contact me!!!

• Extra_5215 - 

A little extra on the incremental sliding distance tests I did - various distances up to 4,522 m - with the Nimonic 80A versus Stellitie 6 wear combination, with comments on extra testing at room temperature and 630^oC added to that covered in the thesis at 510^oC and 750^oC.

• Extra_53 - 

Reversal of sample and counterface work carried out for the Incoloy MA956 versus Stellite 6 combination at 0.314 m.s^-1 and 510^oC, adding to that carried out in the main thesis for Nimonic 80A versus Stellite 6.

References to this should be done as follows:

[1] I.A. Inman – Unpublished Work, Northumbria University (2003).

• High Temperature ‘Like‑on‑like’ Sliding of Nimonic 80A under Conditions of Limited Debris Retention - 

Complements the Nimonic 80A versus Stellite 6 sliding wear studies, looking at the sliding wear of Nimonic 80A against itself ('like-on-like' sliding, meaning both sample and counterface are Nimonic 80A) at 750^oC and sliding speeds of 0.314, 0.405, 0.484, 0.654 and 0.905 m.s^-1, over a distance of 4,522 m.   The objective is to alter the chemistry of the oxides generated by taking away the Stellite 6 counterface (especially at lower sliding speed) and see how this affects 'glaze' formation.

I'm not sending this to a journal, as the necessary characterisation work needed to turn it into a full paper hasn't been completed.   However, if you wish to take a look, go right ahead; this document is freely distributable.

References to this should take the following form:

[1] I.A. Inman – "High Temperature ‘Like‑on‑like’ Sliding of Nimonic 80A under Conditions of Limited Debris Retention", Unpublished Work, Northumbria University (2003).