ELOY ALFARO N30-350 Y
AMAZONAS, MAG, 5to PISO, OF. 513
CASILLA 17-16-252 QUITO, ECUADOR
TELEF (+593) 2-2552-546 FAX (+593)
2-2553-280 E-MAIL [email protected]
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The Operative Management Plan has as its objective the establishment of
a rational and adequate system of exploitation with optimal technical
parameters.
This management plan is a guide to follow to the extent possible. Nevertheless, if it is necessary to modify
the plan for reasons of weather or personal or economic reasons, modification
will be done under the supervision and approval of the directives and
professional veterinarians of ANCO.
1. Classing: Classing shall
be done twice a year. The best animals
will be selected based on a physical examination of general condition, udder
conformation, age and dental condition, health, and relevant breed
characteristics. Animals with the
following conditions shall be culled: extremely thin condition, udders with
closed teats or advanced mastitis, deteriorated or worn-out teeth, blindness,
serious injuries such as fractures, defects such as under- or over-bite, bowed
or bent legs, and deviation from the conformation and wool type typical of its
breed.
The dry ewes that will be bred again will also be separated. Pregnancy detection will be done manually or
with the detector, following the fourth month after breeding.
Ewes that have not conceived after three breeding periods, or a year and
a half, shall be culled as well.
2. Shearing: Shearing
shall be realized at the beginning of summer.
Ensure that the following materials are available: shears in good
condition and sufficient combs, cutters, sandpaper, iodine solution, and oil
and fuel for the engines.
3. Breeding: Breeding will
be realized twice during the year, the first in January and the second in
June. Three weeks before breeding
season, animals shall be crutched the region of the tail, udder, and
behind. Then the animals shall proceed
to flushing, in the manner indicated in the section on Feeding.
Vasectomized rams will be introduced to the flock of ewes during
flushing in order to indicate the propitious moment to introduce the breeding
rams.
4. Lambing: The anticipated
dates of lambing will be the month of May for the ewes that conceived in January
and the month of December for the ewes that conceived in June.
A diagnostic of pregnancy will be done with sufficient anticipation so
that the dry ewes pass to the second breeding season.
Fifteen days before lambing, taking advantage of the cleanliness of the
udders and behind for the diagnostic, flocks of 300 ewes will be made, starting
with those that have full udders or who are near to giving birth. The smaller flocks will make the management
of lambing easier, as well as permitting the lambs to stay with their mothers
for more time.
From that point on, during the entire lactation, abundant food and water
must be provided.
Before lambing season, ensure that sufficient iodine solution and basic
medicines are available.
Disinfection of the lambs’ navels after birth is obligatory.
5 and 6. De-tailing and Marking: The removal of tails and earmarking will be
done after lambing depending on the quality of the lambs. Before proceeding, ensure that sufficient
iodine solution and the necessary tools are available.
7. Weaning: Lambs shall
be weaned when they are 3 to 4 months old.
The age of weaning will depend on the physical condition of the lambs
and the availability of pasture.
HEALTH
1. Treatments for external parasites: The sheep shall be dipped for external parasites the month after
shearing if necessary.
Handle insecticide products with precaution. Use them only in the recommended dose. Increasing or decreasing the recommended dose not improve the
treatment but rather puts the life of the animals at risk.
2. Treatments for internal parasites: All deworming will be done following a parasitic exam of at least
ten animals taken at random from each flock.
The suggested dates for deworming can vary according to the results of
the fecal analysis.
All deworming will be done according to two groups:
a. Adults: The first
deworming will be in February, the second in May, the third in August, and the
fourth in November.
b. Lambs: Lambs will be
dewormed at weaning. In the case that
they are not sold, the weaners will receive a second dose at the end of the
first month of spring, after which they will be subject to the deworming
schedule of the adult animals.
The dewormings will be effective to the extent that the animals do not
remain in pastures infected with active larvae. To avoid this, the deworming will be done according to the
following procedure.
-- After receiving
the positive results of the parasitic exam, the date of deworming will be set
so that the animals can be moved to new pastures within twenty-four hours after
treatment.
-- If there are
difficulties in administrating the medicine to small lambs, it is permissible
to dilute the product with an equal quantity of water and repeat the
dosage. It is important to only use the
established doses. If the dose is
increased, better results will not be gained.
On the contrary, an overdose can cause a potentially harmful reaction.
-- After deworming,
the animals must remain in the corral for six hours, during which time live
larvae will still be being eliminated.
-- The following day,
the animals will immediately be moved to a new pasture. It is important to try that the animals do
not return to fields that have not rested for at least sixty days.
3 and 4. Vaccinations: Vaccinations shall be realized during the following months: in
March and August for the adults and in March and October for the lambs.
Before vaccinating, ensure that you have sufficient sterilized syringes
and needles.
During the vaccination, have on hand only the bottle of vaccine that you
are using. The rest of the bottles
should be conserved in a refrigerator and protected from light.
FEEDING
The animals should always have mineral salts available, prepared
daily. Five grams should be
administered per animal.
Good fertility and prolificacy depend on adequate feeding. To achieve this, it is recommended to do a
“flushing,” which consists in improving the quantity and quality of feed,
generally by means of supplemental feeding, during the breeding season. Equally, the ewes before lambing and during
lactation must have abundant food of good quality, as well as a constant source
of water. For as one can easily see,
the largest lambs are weaned from ewes that have produced abundant milk after
eating well.
All the animals and particularly the nursing ewes must have constant
access to clean water.
